【米尔 NXP i.MX93 开发板评测】搭建QT交叉编译环境

小麦克

【米尔 NXP i.MX93 开发板评测】搭建QT交叉编译环境 [复制链接]

<i class="pstatus"> 本帖最后由 小麦克 于 2024-8-27 10:14 编辑 </i> ## QT交叉编译环境 需要提前安装好cmake和ninja ```bash sudo apt install cmake sudo apt install ninja-build ``` ## 基于Yocto编译环境 关于Yocto环境，米尔专门提供了一篇教程《MYD-LMX9X+QT开发指南.pdf》，里面写的很详细了，我这里就不重复了，有两个地方需要注意一下。 <ignore_js_op> <img src="static/image/filetype/pdf.gif" border="0" class="vm" alt="" /> <span style="white-space: nowrap" id="attach_836186" onmouseover="showMenu({'ctrlid':this.id,'pos':'12'})"> <a href="javascript:;" class="loginf">MYD-LMX9X+QT开发指南.pdf</a> <em class="xg1">(1.98 MB, 下载次数: 0)</em> </span> <div class="tip tip_4" id="attach_836186_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true"> <div class="tip_c xs0"> <div class="y">2024-8-27 10:04 上传</div> 点击文件名下载附件 </ignore_js_op> ### Sysroot配置问题 教程中的`Sysroot`有点问题，应该为 `/opt/fsl-imx-xwayland/6.1-mickledore/sysroots/armv8a-poky-linux` 而不是 `/opt/fsl-imx-xwayland/6.1-mickledore/sysroots/x86_64-pokysdk-linux` <ignore_js_op> <img src="data/attachment/forum/202408/27/095005hv1bq8r55t7x5jy7.png" alt="image-20240827064951075.png" title="image-20240827064951075.png" /> </ignore_js_op> ### CMake构建失败 上面配置都成功了，开始创建QT应用，如果使用`qmake`方式构建应用一切正常。但是如果使用`CMake`方式构建，配置阶段为提示错误：`To use a cross-compiled Qt, please set the QT_HOST_PATH cache variable to the location of your host Qt installation.` 解决方法：需要在`CMakeLists.txt` 中设置 `QT_HOST_PATH`为主机QT的gcc目录，我安装的目录是 `/home/bruce/Qt/6.5.3/gcc_64` ```cmake set(QT_HOST_PATH /home/bruce/Qt/6.5.3/gcc_64) ``` <ignore_js_op> <img src="data/attachment/forum/202408/27/095333cyiwe1w2tytjtshv.png" alt="image-20240827063129385.png" title="image-20240827063129385.png" /> </ignore_js_op> 重新配置后成功了 <ignore_js_op> <img src="data/attachment/forum/202408/27/095830akhfykfhk4ykfz4k.png" alt="image-20240827063616314.png" title="image-20240827063616314.png" /> </ignore_js_op> 编译上传测试程序到开发板测试。 ## buildroot环境 由于我们之前的根文件系统都是基于`buildroot`，下面来看看怎么在`buildroot`构建的系统上面配置QT的交叉编译环境。 ### 构建SDK 确保配置的`buildroot`构建成功，能成功打包成文件系统。下面是我的配置文件（基于当前最新的buildroot仓库-2024-08-27） ```bash BR2_aarch64=y BR2_cortex_a55=y BR2_ARM_FPU_VFPV4D16=y BR2_KERNEL_HEADERS_6_1=y BR2_PACKAGE_GLIBC_UTILS=y BR2_TOOLCHAIN_BUILDROOT_CXX=y BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_GDB=y BR2_ENABLE_DEBUG=y BR2_ROOTFS_DEVICE_CREATION_DYNAMIC_MDEV=y BR2_ROOTFS_MERGED_USR=y BR2_SYSTEM_DHCP="eth0" BR2_SYSTEM_DEFAULT_PATH="/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin" BR2_ENABLE_LOCALE_WHITELIST="en_US.UTF-8" BR2_GENERATE_LOCALE="en_US.UTF-8" BR2_SYSTEM_ENABLE_NLS=y BR2_TARGET_TZ_INFO=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_ALSACONF=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_ACONNECT=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_ALSALOOP=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_ALSAUCM=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_ALSATPLG=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_AMIDI=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_AMIXER=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_APLAY=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_APLAYMIDI=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_ARECORDMIDI=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_ASEQDUMP=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_ASEQNET=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_BAT=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_IECSET=y BR2_PACKAGE_ALSA_UTILS_SPEAKER_TEST=y BR2_PACKAGE_FFMPEG_GPL=y BR2_PACKAGE_FFMPEG_NONFREE=y BR2_PACKAGE_FFMPEG_FFPLAY=y BR2_PACKAGE_FFMPEG_FFPROBE=y BR2_PACKAGE_FFMPEG_POSTPROC=y BR2_PACKAGE_FLAC=y BR2_PACKAGE_GSTREAMER1=y BR2_PACKAGE_GSTREAMER1_CHECK=y BR2_PACKAGE_GST1_PLUGINS_BASE_PLUGIN_APP=y BR2_PACKAGE_GST1_PLUGINS_BAYER2RGB_NEON=y BR2_PACKAGE_GST1_PLUGINS_GOOD=y BR2_PACKAGE_GST1_PLUGINS_BAD=y BR2_PACKAGE_GST1_LIBAV=y BR2_PACKAGE_GDB=y BR2_PACKAGE_GDB_SERVER=y BR2_PACKAGE_GDB_DEBUGGER=y BR2_PACKAGE_GDB_TUI=y BR2_PACKAGE_BINUTILS=y BR2_PACKAGE_BINUTILS_TARGET=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBTOOL=y BR2_PACKAGE_MAKE=y BR2_PACKAGE_PKGCONF=y BR2_PACKAGE_TREE=y BR2_PACKAGE_MMC_UTILS=y BR2_PACKAGE_BITSTREAM_VERA=y BR2_PACKAGE_CANTARELL=y BR2_PACKAGE_DEJAVU=y BR2_PACKAGE_FONT_AWESOME=y BR2_PACKAGE_GHOSTSCRIPT_FONTS=y BR2_PACKAGE_INCONSOLATA=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBERATION=y BR2_PACKAGE_WQY_ZENHEI=y BR2_PACKAGE_DIRECTFB=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_GFX=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_GIF=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_JPEG=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_LBM=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_PCX=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_PNG=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_PNM=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_TARGA=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_TIFF=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_WEBP=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_XCF=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_XPM=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_IMAGE_XV=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_MIXER=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_MIXER_MIDI_TIMIDITY=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_NET=y BR2_PACKAGE_SDL_TTF=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_CONCURRENT=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_DBUS=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_VULKAN=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_FONTCONFIG=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_HARFBUZZ=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_GIF=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_JPEG=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_PNG=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_WIDGETS=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_PRINTSUPPORT=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_SYSLOG=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_TEST=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6BASE_TSLIB=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6CORE5COMPAT=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6SERIALBUS=y BR2_PACKAGE_QT6SVG=y BR2_PACKAGE_EVEMU=y BR2_PACKAGE_EVTEST=y BR2_PACKAGE_KBD=y BR2_PACKAGE_SYSSTAT=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBG7221=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBGSM=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBILBC=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBSAMPLERATE=y BR2_PACKAGE_OPENCORE_AMR=y BR2_PACKAGE_PORTAUDIO=y BR2_PACKAGE_WEBRTC_AUDIO_PROCESSING=y BR2_PACKAGE_SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA=y BR2_PACKAGE_IMLIB2=y BR2_PACKAGE_IMLIB2_JPEG=y BR2_PACKAGE_IMLIB2_PNG=y BR2_PACKAGE_IMLIB2_GIF=y BR2_PACKAGE_IMLIB2_TIFF=y BR2_PACKAGE_IMLIB2_ID3=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBJPEG=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBDRM_INSTALL_TESTS=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBFREEIMAGE=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBVA=y BR2_PACKAGE_WAYLAND=y BR2_PACKAGE_WAYLAND_UTILS=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBAIO=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBV4L=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBV4L_UTILS=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBOPENH264=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBYUV=y BR2_PACKAGE_X264=y BR2_PACKAGE_X264_CLI=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBPJSIP=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBRSYNC=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBUPNP=y BR2_PACKAGE_LIBCAP=y BR2_PACKAGE_FMT=y BR2_PACKAGE_PCRE2_32=y BR2_PACKAGE_DHCPCD=y BR2_PACKAGE_FREESWITCH=y BR2_PACKAGE_FREESWITCH_MOD_BCG729=y BR2_PACKAGE_OPENSSH=y BR2_PACKAGE_TCPDUMP=y BR2_PACKAGE_VSFTPD=y BR2_PACKAGE_ZSH=y BR2_PACKAGE_KMOD=y BR2_PACKAGE_UTIL_LINUX_LIBFDISK=y BR2_PACKAGE_UTIL_LINUX_AGETTY=y BR2_PACKAGE_UTIL_LINUX_FSCK=y BR2_PACKAGE_UTIL_LINUX_HWCLOCK=y BR2_PACKAGE_UTIL_LINUX_KILL=y BR2_PACKAGE_UTIL_LINUX_LSFD=y BR2_PACKAGE_UTIL_LINUX_MORE=y BR2_PACKAGE_UTIL_LINUX_MOUNT=y BR2_PACKAGE_UTIL_LINUX_SULOGIN=y BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_EXT2=y BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_EXT2_SIZE="512M" BR2_TARGET_ROOTFS_TAR_GZIP=y BR2_PACKAGE_HOST_ENVIRONMENT_SETUP=y ``` 构建SDK，构建成功后，在`output/images`文件夹下会生成 `aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu_sdk-buildroot.tar.gz`SDK，这个SDK可以拷贝到其他电脑或者其他目录，进行应用开发。 ```bash make sdk ``` 我这里拷贝到`/home/bruce/Documents`文件夹下，解压，重定位 ```bash # 解压 tar -xf aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu_sdk-buildroot.tar.gz # 重定位（只需要执行一次） cd aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu_sdk-buildroot/ ./relocate-sdk.sh ``` 生成新的QT配置，C和C++编译器配置 <ignore_js_op> <img src="data/attachment/forum/202408/27/095438us9a92lavrvizz5z.png" alt="image-20240827090416411.png" title="image-20240827090416411.png" /> </ignore_js_op> QT Versions配置，有红色的错误，不用管。 <ignore_js_op> <img src="data/attachment/forum/202408/27/095653n0gyzyvzvkv0tj0t.png" alt="image-20240827090643627.png" title="image-20240827090643627.png" /> </ignore_js_op> Devices配置 <ignore_js_op> <img src="data/attachment/forum/202408/27/095716w1wslsi3w58m4iiv.png" alt="image-20240827090816479.png" title="image-20240827090816479.png" /> </ignore_js_op> 上面都配置好后，最后配置一下Kits，添加一个imx93的配置项。注意`Sysroot`的位置 <ignore_js_op> <img src="data/attachment/forum/202408/27/095905kmi9almzol445lpm.png" alt="image-20240827090916733.png" title="image-20240827090916733.png" /> </ignore_js_op> 新建一个CMake QT测试程序，配置为`imx93`，编译，成功！ <ignore_js_op> <img src="data/attachment/forum/202408/27/095927yutgzdnugdcj0glw.png" alt="image-20240827091618763.png" title="image-20240827091618763.png" /> </ignore_js_op> 如果不使用`Qt Creator`，`buildroot`还为我们准备了`environment-setup`脚本，需要交叉编译的时候直接`source`一下，一切就准备就绪了。看下面的示例 ```bash source ~/Documents/aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu_sdk-buildroot/environment-setup # 进入qt app目录编译 bruce@ubuntu:~/Documents/qt/qt-apps/test-app/build$ cmake .. -- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 13.3.0 -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info -- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done -- Check for working CXX compiler: /home/bruce/Documents/aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu_sdk-buildroot/bin/aarch64-buildroot-linux-gnu-g++ - skipped -- Detecting CXX compile features -- Detecting CXX compile features - done -- Performing Test CMAKE_HAVE_LIBC_PTHREAD -- Performing Test CMAKE_HAVE_LIBC_PTHREAD - Success -- Found Threads: TRUE -- Performing Test HAVE_STDATOMIC -- Performing Test HAVE_STDATOMIC - Success -- Found WrapAtomic: TRUE -- Configuring done (1.2s) -- Generating done (0.0s) -- Build files have been written to: /home/bruce/Documents/qt/qt-apps/test-app/build bruce@ubuntu:~/Documents/qt/qt-apps/test-app/build$ make [0%] Built target test-app_autogen_timestamp_deps [ 16%] Automatic MOC and UIC for target test-app [ 16%] Built target test-app_autogen [ 33%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/test-app.dir/test-app_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o [ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/test-app.dir/main.cpp.o [ 66%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/test-app.dir/mainwindow.cpp.o [ 83%] Linking CXX executable test-app [100%] Built target test-app bruce@ubuntu:~/Documents/qt/qt-apps/test-app/build$ ls CMakeCache.txtCMakeFilescmake_install.cmakeMakefiletest-apptest-app_autogen bruce@ubuntu:~/Documents/qt/qt-apps/test-app/build$ file test-app test-app: ELF 64-bit LSB pie executable, ARM aarch64, version 1 (GNU/Linux), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib/ld-linux-aarch64.so.1, for GNU/Linux 6.1.0, with debug_info, not stripped ``` 可以看到生成的`test-app`就是`ARM aarch64`。 这种方式适合自动化，对项目组提交的代码进行自动编译打包或者测试。 ## 树莓派 最近搞了一台8GB的树莓派5，测试下来性能还不错，前提必须上PCI-E固态硬盘，SD卡相对于固态硬盘太慢了。 因为和IMX93使用了同样的`aarch64`架构，接上显示器，用来开发原生QT更简单，不需要配置复杂的交叉编译环境。 <ignore_js_op> <img src="data/attachment/forum/202408/27/100105b2oo1m9vj1voihqa.png" alt="image-20240827092159892.png" title="image-20240827092159892.png" /> </ignore_js_op> 我这里通过VNC连接到了树莓派5，安装Qt Creator IDE，编译出的程序可以直接放到开发板运行。需要注意的是i.MX93没有GPU，不支持opengl，因此开发的时候不能调用这些库。否则在开发板加载程序会失败。 <ignore_js_op> <img src="data/attachment/forum/202408/27/100121s5w1vv5z2a4m22bv.png" alt="image-20240827092358043.png" title="image-20240827092358043.png" /> </ignore_js_op> ## 结论 本篇将QT开发的几种方式都做了测试，欢迎大家指正补充~

Jacktang

i.MX93没有GPU，不支持opengl，开发的时候有点不方便的

小麦克

Jacktang 发表于 2024-8-28 07:27 i.MX93没有GPU，不支持opengl，开发的时候有点不方便的

和定位有关，工业应用。普通的QT UI应用没问题的，适配了DRM，也能高清显示，最高可达1080p60，一般场景足够了。