【Follow me第二季第2期】任务汇总-ArduinoUnoR4尝鲜LTR329与LCD_SHIELD_V3

Henry-0755 · 发表于2024-10-22 21:48

【Follow me第二季第2期】任务汇总-ArduinoUnoR4尝鲜LTR329与LCD_SHIELD_V3 [复制链接]

# 【Follow me第二季第2期】任务汇总—ArduinoUnoR4尝鲜LTR329与LCD_SHIELD_V3

## 视频展示

https://training.eeworld.com.cn/course/68723

物料：

使用包括开发板与传感器。

| **制造商产品编号** | 描述          | 图片                   |
| ------------------ | ------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| ABX00087   | ARDUINO UNO R4 WIFI     | <img src="https://mm.digikey.com/Volume0/opasdata/d220001/medias/images/5407/MFG_ABX00087_primary.jpg"alt="ABX00087" style="zoom:67%;"onclick="zoom(this, this.getAttribute('zoomfile'), 0, 0, '0')" zoomfile="" file="" inpost="1" onmouseover="showMenu({'ctrlid':this.id,'pos':'12'})" lazyloaded="true" initialized="true"> |
| DFR1075    | FIREBEETLE 2 ESP32 DEV BOARD  | <img src="https://mm.digikey.com/Volume0/opasdata/d220001/medias/images/6253/MFG_DFR1075.jpg"alt="DFR1075" style="zoom:50%;"onclick="zoom(this, this.getAttribute('zoomfile'), 0, 0, '0')" zoomfile="" file="" inpost="1" onmouseover="showMenu({'ctrlid':this.id,'pos':'12'})" lazyloaded="true" initialized="true"> |
| 5591     | ADAFRUIT LTR-329 LIGHT SENSOR - | <img src="https://mm.digikey.com/Volume0/opasdata/d220001/medias/images/2817/MFG_5591.jpg"alt="5591" style="zoom:50%;"onclick="zoom(this, this.getAttribute('zoomfile'), 0, 0, '0')" zoomfile="" file="" inpost="1" onmouseover="showMenu({'ctrlid':this.id,'pos':'12'})" lazyloaded="true" initialized="true"> |

实物图：

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_853957_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241022132134438.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(2.65 MB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_853957" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=853957&handlekey=savephoto_853957">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

## 任务实现

### 入门任务（必做）

搭建环境并开启第一步Blink / 串口打印Hello EEWorld！
使用的是arduino ide，串口也通过arduino ide进行查看

``` c
void setup() {
pinMode(13, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Hello EEWorld!");
}

void loop() {
delay(500); 
digitalWrite(13, !digitalRead(13));
}
```

### 基础任务（必做）

基础任务可以分为两个
一个是LED矩阵，另一个是DAC,ADC以及OPAMP的模拟信号处理

#### LED矩阵

Arduino的LED矩阵是一个12*8的矩阵，官方有给出原理图，原理和矩阵按键很类似，且利用了发光二极管的单向导电性。

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_853949_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241022122249911.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(416.1 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_853949" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=853949&handlekey=savephoto_853949">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

实际点亮的方式应当是时分复用，比如最左边7与剩余的io可以控制第一列，6与剩余控制第二列，类推，按照这样的方式最多应该是10+9+8+7+6+5+4+3+2 = 54，再反向*2最多应当是108个led，这里最后一列少了12个所以是96个。挺巧妙的，虽然实际上我们直接调库就好~

代码如下：心跳

```
#include "Arduino_LED_Matrix.h"/*包含官方的驱动库*/
ArduinoLEDMatrix led_matrix;//实例化一个对象

byte frame[3][8][12] = {
{
  { 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
},
{
  { 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
},
{
  { 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
  { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 },
},
};

void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
led_matrix.begin();
}

void loop() {
led_matrix.renderBitmap(frame[0], 8, 12);
delay(300);
led_matrix.renderBitmap(frame[1], 8, 12);
delay(300);
led_matrix.renderBitmap(frame[2], 8, 12);
delay(500);
led_matrix.renderBitmap(frame[1], 8, 12);
delay(300);
}
```

效果图：

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_853950_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241022123843526.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(2.19 MB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_853950" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=853950&handlekey=savephoto_853950">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

#### DAC + OPAMP + ADC

参考官网`https://docs.arduino.cc/tutorials/uno-r4-wifi/opamp/`

这里将A0 A1短接（DAC输出信号由AMP0+再反馈到放大电路）

按照官网

![Voltage 2x Amplifier Circuit](https://docs.arduino.cc/static/45f63f884a62fa52a30abd12bf5e9755/a6d36/circuitAmplifierWiFi.png)

接线图：

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_853951_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241022123912491.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(944.49 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_853951" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=853951&handlekey=savephoto_853951">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

通过一个10k和20k的电阻，将信号放大3倍

代码如下：

```
#include "analogWave.h"
#include <OPAMP.h>

analogWave wave(DAC);
int freq = 600;

void setup() {
    // put your setup code here, to run once:
    Serial.begin(1000000);
    analogReadResolution(14);

wave.sine(freq);
    wave.amplitude(0.1);

OPAMP.begin(OPAMP_SPEED_HIGHSPEED);
}

void loop() {
    int value = analogRead(A3);
    Serial.println(value);
}
```

上述代码，当代码采用14bit精度的DAC再经过dac的amplitude为0.1倍

理论adc直接采集dac的信号应当是2^14/0.1=1638

但adc采集的是经过OPAMP放大3倍的信号，因此实际的峰值为4800左右。

由此例子，便可以验证DAC的sin波形输出、ADC的采集以及OPAMP的放大功能。

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_853948_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241022015020937.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(41.16 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_853948" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=853948&handlekey=savephoto_853948">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

### 进阶任务与扩展任务

进阶任务与扩展任务均是使用HomeAssistant结合wifi做控制，放到一起来做

拓展任务采用的是LTR329的光传感器，实物如图：

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_853953_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241022125155118.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(2.49 MB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_853953" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=853953&handlekey=savephoto_853953">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

安装homeassistant不再赘述

基本的概念是有三个：HomeAssistant、MQTT、HAClient

HomeAssistant是一个web服务器，负责展示和与用户交互。

有了web服务器，后台也是需要的，后台采用的是MQTT协议的服务器，有许多实现这个协议的后台，比如本次使用的是mosquitto后台，负责建立与板子的tcp通信。

HAClient就是开发板子上与HomeAssistant交互的客户端，提供数据，提供控制接口实例。

（个人理解）

下面是板端的代码与设计思路，揉合了网上ArduinoHA示例，MQTTClient等示例。

#### 设计思路

使用ArduinoHA库声明实例，包括灯、LTR329的红外光强度、LTR329的可见光强度。

设置回调，控制板子上的灯状态。

再loop循环中，读取LTR329的值，实时更新到HA上。

```arduino
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <WiFiS3.h>
#include <ArduinoHA.h>
#include "Adafruit_LTR329_LTR303.h"

const char WIFI_SSID[] = "LH"; // CHANGE TO YOUR WIFI SSID
const char WIFI_PASSWORD[] = "qwertyuiop";// CHANGE TO YOUR WIFI PASSWORD

//const char MQTT_BROKER_ADRRESS[] = "test.mosquitto.org";// CHANGE TO MQTT BROKER'S ADDRESS
const char MQTT_BROKER_ADRRESS[] = "192.168.2.35";// CHANGE TO MQTT BROKER'S IP ADDRESS
const int MQTT_PORT = 1883;
const char MQTT_CLIENT_ID[] = "arduino-uno-r4";// CHANGE IT AS YOU DESIRE
const char MQTT_USERNAME[] = "";    // CHANGE IT IF REQUIRED, empty if not required
const char MQTT_PASSWORD[] = "";    // CHANGE IT IF REQUIRED, empty if not required

// The MQTT topics that Arduino should publish/subscribe
const char PUBLISH_TOPIC[] = "arduino-uno-r4/send";   // CHANGE IT AS YOU DESIRE
const char SUBSCRIBE_TOPIC[] = "arduino-uno-r4/receive";// CHANGE IT AS YOU DESIRE

WiFiClient client;
HADevice device(MQTT_CLIENT_ID); // 创建一个HA设备
HAMqtt mqtt(client, device);
HASwitch led_switch("ledSwitch"); // 开关实体
HASensorNumber light_sensor("lightSensor");
HASensorNumber infrared_sensor("infraredSensor");

Adafruit_LTR329 ltr = Adafruit_LTR329();

uint16_t visible_lx, infrared_lx;

void onSwitchCommand(bool state, HASwitch *sender)
{
Serial.print("state: ");
Serial.println(state);

sender->setState(state);
if (state)
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
else
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
}
void wifi_up();
void printWifiStatus();

void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
wifi_up();

led_switch.setIcon("mdi:led-outline");
led_switch.setName("arduino LED");
led_switch.onCommand(onSwitchCommand);

light_sensor.setName("arduino light");
light_sensor.setIcon("mdi:alarm-light-outline");
infrared_sensor.setName("arduino infrared");
infrared_sensor.setIcon("mdi:sun-wireless-outline");

if ( ! ltr.begin(&Wire1) ) {
  Serial.println("Couldn't find LTR sensor!");
  while (1) delay(10);
}
Serial.println("Found LTR sensor!");

ltr.setGain(LTR3XX_GAIN_2);
ltr.setIntegrationTime(LTR3XX_INTEGTIME_100);
ltr.setMeasurementRate(LTR3XX_MEASRATE_200); 
}
void loop()
{
mqtt.loop();

if (ltr.newDataAvailable()) {
  ltr.readBothChannels(visible_lx, infrared_lx);
  light_sensor.setValue(visible_lx);
  infrared_sensor.setValue(infrared_lx);
}
}

void onMqttConnected()
{
Serial.println("Connected to the broker!");
mqtt.subscribe(SUBSCRIBE_TOPIC);
Serial.println("Subscribe to topic: ");
Serial.print(SUBSCRIBE_TOPIC);
}

void onMqttDisconneted()
{
Serial.println("Disconnected from the broker!");
}

void onMqttStateChanged(HAMqtt::ConnectionState state)
{
Serial.print("MQTT state changed to: ");
Serial.println(static_cast<uint8_t>(state));
}

void wifi_up()
{
WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD); // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network:
Serial.print("Attempting to connect to WPA SSID: ");
Serial.println(WIFI_SSID);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED)
{
  WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASSWORD);
  delay(1000);
}

Serial.println("Starting connect to MQTT server");
mqtt.onConnected(onMqttConnected);
mqtt.onDisconnected(onMqttDisconneted);
mqtt.onStateChanged(onMqttStateChanged);
mqtt.setDataPrefix("homeassistant/sensor");

if (!mqtt.begin(MQTT_BROKER_ADRRESS, MQTT_PORT, MQTT_USERNAME, MQTT_PASSWORD))
{
  Serial.print("Failed");
  while(1);
}
}
```

在HA面板上，便有了相应entity与device

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_853952_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241022124635511.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(672.12 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_853952" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=853952&handlekey=savephoto_853952">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

### 点屏LCD Shield V3

手头上有个不知从何而来的UNO适配的2.8''TFT LCD Shield V3的板子，如图：

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_853954_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241022130006490.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(1.44 MB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_853954" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=853954&handlekey=savephoto_853954">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

想着不用白不用，网上搜啊搜也没有找到屏幕信息，好在社区资源丰富，找到个第三方库[MCUFriendly_kvb](https://docs.arduino.cc/libraries/mcufriend_kbv/)

看到国外友人有适配这个板子，但又很可惜的是这个库的最后版本停留在2年前，自然是没有适配ArduinoR4（因为他是直接写mcu寄存器，不是调用arduino的接口，因此需要根据不同信号适配读写）

找到一个分支今年专门适配的R4，[链接](https://github.com/slviajero/MCUFRIEND_kbv/tree/master)，便终于用上屏幕板子啦~

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_853955_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241022130703190.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(349.9 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_853955" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=853955&handlekey=savephoto_853955">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

效果如图，屏幕刷新率还不错，目测30帧+

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_853956_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241022131228952.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(1.17 MB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_853956" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=853956&handlekey=savephoto_853956">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

## 心得体会

首先板子选得非常好玩，很有趣功能很丰富的板子，网上也有许多教程。

也是首次接触HomeAssistant，以后可以搭建自己的智能家居了哈哈。

且活动十分人性化，由于个人原因（本来都打算放弃了）迟交了许久也允许补交，太感动了。

非常好的活动与论坛~~，希望自己之后能多总结、多动手，以后有DIY项目，首先就分享到咱们论坛。

## 代码

https://download.eeworld.com.cn/detail/Henry-0755/634602

<strong>补充内容 (2024-12-8 21:50):</strong>
补充了之前没用上的esps3模块～帖子链接在：<a href="https://bbs.eeworld.com.cn/thread-1301229-1-1.html" target="_blank">https://bbs.eeworld.com.cn/thread-1301229-1-1.html</a>

Jacktang · 发表于2024-10-25 07:20

虽然是迟交了，最好做的这篇测试也非常的棒

【Follow me第二季第2期】任务汇总-ArduinoUnoR4尝鲜LTR329与LCD_SHIELD_V3 [复制链接]

最新回复

浏览过的版块