【得捷Follow me第4期】项目任务提交

江华210

【得捷Follow me第4期】项目任务提交 [复制链接]

 

入门任务：开发环境搭建，BLINK，驱动液晶显示器进行显示。

W5500-RPI-PICO开发板对Arduino有很好的支持，安扎官方文档，我们先在arduino IDE中添加开发板地址，由于我购买了一块cardputer作为项目中的协处理器，负责屏幕显示，因此也一并添加相关支持。：

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https://m5stack.oss-cn-shenzhen.aliyuncs.com/resource/arduino/package_m5stack_index.json

 

  添加完成后，在开发板管理器中搜索pico并安装。

 

blink完成非常简单，直接使用arduino官方的basic example blink，不需要任何修改，直接上传。

  上传完成后就可以看到绿灯闪起来。

 

液晶屏是在cardputer上进行驱动的，我先在cardputer上初始化好液晶屏，然后开启一个硬件串口作为输入，当接收到信息时将它显示在屏幕上。这样就可以实现一个简单的串口显示器。W5500-RPI-PICO只需要将需要显示的内容用串口发送出去就可以。

 

在使用cardputer之前，我们需要安装一下对应的库。

 

安装好后使用起来就非常简单了。

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#include "M5Cardputer.h"
#include <HardwareSerial.h>

HardwareSerial mySerial(2);

void setup() {
  auto cfg = M5.config();
  M5Cardputer.begin(cfg, true);
  M5Cardputer.Display.setRotation(1);
  M5Cardputer.Display.setTextColor(GREEN);
  M5Cardputer.Display.setTextDatum(middle_center);
  M5Cardputer.Display.setTextFont(&fonts::Orbitron_Light_24);
  M5Cardputer.Display.setTextSize(1);
  M5Cardputer.Display.drawString("Ready",
                                 M5Cardputer.Display.width() / 2,
                                 M5Cardputer.Display.height() / 2);
  Serial.begin(115200);
  mySerial.begin(115200, SERIAL_8N1, 2, 1);
}

void loop() {
  if (mySerial.available()) {
    String receivedString = mySerial.readString();
    Serial.println(receivedString);
    if (receivedString != "") {
      M5Cardputer.Display.clear();
      M5Cardputer.Display.drawString(receivedString,
                                     M5Cardputer.Display.width() / 2,
                                     M5Cardputer.Display.height() / 2);
    }
  }
}

 

这里我们用cardputer上的GPIO1和GPIO2作为TX和RX。接下来我们用pico 使用serial1打印一个hello，就可以显示在cardputer上。注意由于pico在连接上串口监视器后并不会重置，因此要先等待串口连接后，才可以继续执行串口打印任务，否则无法在串口看到输出。

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void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial1.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial)
    ;
  Serial.println("Now send Hello");
  Serial1.println("Hello");
}

void loop() {
}

 

基础任务一：完成主控板W5500初始化(静态IP配置)，并能使用局域网电脑ping通，同时W5500可以ping通互联网站点；通过抓包软件(Wireshark、Sniffer等)抓取本地PC的ping报文，展示并分析。

 

同样的，先安装一下需要的库。这个库需要自己去github上下载下来zip，然后在arduino ide中导入zip库。

链接已隐藏，如需查看请登录或者注册

 

静态配置好ip，MAC等参数，就可以联网，然后分别解析dns并ping一下三个网站。

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#include <Ethernet.h>
#include <Dns.h>
#include <EthernetICMP.h>

byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xE1, 0xF2, 0xE3 };
IPAddress ip(192, 168, 50, 188);
IPAddress gateway(192, 168, 50, 1);
IPAddress myDns(8, 8, 8, 8);
IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 255, 0);

IPAddress setNet() {
  Serial.println("Ethernet Begin");
  Ethernet.init(17); 
  // DHCP
  // Ethernet.begin(mac);
  // 静态IP设置
  Ethernet.begin(mac, ip, myDns, gateway, subnet);

  // 打印INFO
  Serial.print("My IP address: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());
  Serial.print("My subnet: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.subnetMask());
  Serial.print("My DNS address: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.dnsServerIP());
  Serial.print("My GateWay address: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.gatewayIP());
  Serial.print("My Mac address: ");
  byte macBuffer[6];
  Ethernet.MACAddress(macBuffer);
  for (byte octet = 0; octet < 6; octet++) {
    Serial.print(macBuffer[octet], HEX);
    if (octet < 5) {
      Serial.print('-');
    }
  }
  Serial.println("");

  return Ethernet.localIP();
}

DNSClient dnClient;
SOCKET pingSocket = 4;
EthernetICMPPing ping(pingSocket, (uint8_t)random(0, 255));

void pingTest(const IPAddress &dstip) {
  EthernetICMPEchoReply echoReply = ping(dstip, 4);
  char buffer[256];
  if (echoReply.status == SUCCESS) {
    sprintf(buffer,
            "Reply[%d] from: %d.%d.%d.%d: bytes=%d time=%ldms TTL=%d",
            echoReply.data.seq,
            echoReply.addr[0],
            echoReply.addr[1],
            echoReply.addr[2],
            echoReply.addr[3],
            REQ_DATASIZE,
            millis() - echoReply.data.time,
            echoReply.ttl);
  } else {
    sprintf(buffer, "Echo request failed; %d", echoReply.status);
  }
  Serial.println(buffer);
}

void ping_site() {
  dnClient.begin(Ethernet.dnsServerIP());
  const char domains[3][20] = { "www.eeworld.com.cn", "www.digikey.cn", "www.digikey.com" };
  IPAddress dstip;
  for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
    if (dnClient.getHostByName(domains[i], dstip) == 1) {
      Serial.print(domains[i]);
      Serial.print(" = ");
      Serial.println(dstip);
      pingTest(dstip);
    } else
      Serial.println(F("dns lookup failed"));
  }
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial)
    ;
  setNet();
  ping_site();
}

void loop() {
  
}

 

打开wireshark开始抓包，然后用电脑ping一下上面串口打印出的W5500-RPI-PICO开发板，接着在wireshark中用ip地址筛选，就可以看到捕获到的icmp包。

 

 

 

基础任务二：主控板建立TCPIP或UDP服务器，局域网PC使用TCPIP或UDP客户端进行连接并发送数据，主控板接收到数据后，送液晶屏显示(没有则通过串口打印显示)；通过抓包软件抓取交互报文，展示并分析。

w5500-rpi-pico连接上网络后，建立一个tcp服务器并监听5000端口。如果有客户连入，则循环读取内容，并将内容添加至字符串。等客户结束连接后，用串口监视器和cardputer同时打印接收的内容。

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#include <Ethernet.h>

byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xE1, 0xF2, 0xE3 };
IPAddress ip(192, 168, 50, 188);
IPAddress gateway(192, 168, 50, 1);
IPAddress myDns(8, 8, 8, 8);
IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 255, 0);

IPAddress setNet() {
  Serial.println("Ethernet Begin");
  Ethernet.init(17);
  // DHCP
  // Ethernet.begin(mac);
  // 静态IP设置
  Ethernet.begin(mac, ip, myDns, gateway, subnet);

  // 打印INFO
  Serial.print("My IP address: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());
  Serial.print("My subnet: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.subnetMask());
  Serial.print("My DNS address: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.dnsServerIP());
  Serial.print("My GateWay address: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.gatewayIP());
  Serial.print("My Mac address: ");
  byte macBuffer[6];
  Ethernet.MACAddress(macBuffer);
  for (byte octet = 0; octet < 6; octet++) {
    Serial.print(macBuffer[octet], HEX);
    if (octet < 5) {
      Serial.print('-');
    }
  }
  Serial.println("");

  return Ethernet.localIP();
}


EthernetServer server(5000);

String server_loop() {
  String msg;
  EthernetClient client = server.available();
  if (client) {
    Serial.println("new client");
    while (client.connected()) {
      if (client.available()) {
        char c = client.read();
        msg += String(c);
      }
    }
  }
  return msg;
}



void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial1.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial)
    ;
  setNet();
  server.begin();
}

void loop() {
  String msg = server_loop();
  if (msg != "") {
    Serial.println(msg);
    Serial1.println(msg);
  }
}

编译代码时会有一定概率报错Compilation error: cannot declare variable 'server' to be of abstract type 'EthernetServer'。如果出现这种情况，需要修改一下两个库文件：

Ethernet.h

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//	virtual void begin();
	virtual void begin(uint16_t port=0);

EthernetServer.cpp

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//void EthernetServer::begin()
void EthernetServer::begin(uint16_t port)

 

电脑上发送tcp访问请求我使用的是python，用python写了个非常简单的代码，发送Hello!!!后关闭连接。

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import socket

msg = "Hello!!!"

ip_addr=("192.168.50.188",5000)
client=socket.socket() 
client.connect(ip_addr) 
client.send(bytes(msg,"utf-8"))
client.close()

运行一下python代码，就可以看到效果。

打开wireshark，也可以抓到我们发送过去的信息。

 

进阶任务：从NTP服务器(注意数据交互格式的解析)同步时间，获取时间送显示屏(串口)显示。 

通过NTP服务器获取时间的方式是基于UDP的，UDP是只管发送，不管对方收不收的到，因此单次请求可能会失败，所以需要设定一定的重试次数。每次重试之间需要有间隔，以免被对方服务器当作网络攻击直接屏蔽。代码中先把请求的UDP报文写好，再用该方法像服务器发送请求。成功获取到时间后，发送到串口和屏幕。

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#include <Ethernet.h>
#include <EthernetUdp.h>

byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xE1, 0xF2, 0xE3 };
IPAddress ip(192, 168, 50, 188);
IPAddress gateway(192, 168, 50, 1);
IPAddress myDns(8, 8, 8, 8);
IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 255, 0);

IPAddress setNet() {
  Serial.println("Ethernet Begin");
  Ethernet.init(17);
  // DHCP
  // Ethernet.begin(mac);
  // 静态IP设置
  Ethernet.begin(mac, ip, myDns, gateway, subnet);

  // 打印INFO
  Serial.print("My IP address: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());
  Serial.print("My subnet: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.subnetMask());
  Serial.print("My DNS address: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.dnsServerIP());
  Serial.print("My GateWay address: ");
  Serial.println(Ethernet.gatewayIP());
  Serial.print("My Mac address: ");
  byte macBuffer[6];
  Ethernet.MACAddress(macBuffer);
  for (byte octet = 0; octet < 6; octet++) {
    Serial.print(macBuffer[octet], HEX);
    if (octet < 5) {
      Serial.print('-');
    }
  }
  Serial.println("");

  return Ethernet.localIP();
}

EthernetUDP Udp;
const uint8_t NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48;
byte packetBuffer[NTP_PACKET_SIZE];
char bjtime[256];
void sendNTPpacket(const char *address)
{
  // set all bytes in the buffer to 0
  memset(packetBuffer, 0, NTP_PACKET_SIZE);
  // Initialize values needed to form NTP request
  // (see URL above for details on the packets)
  packetBuffer[0] = 0b11100011; // LI, Version, Mode
  packetBuffer[1] = 0;          // Stratum, or type of clock
  packetBuffer[2] = 6;          // Polling Interval
  packetBuffer[3] = 0xEC;       // Peer Clock Precision
  // 8 bytes of zero for Root Delay & Root Dispersion
  packetBuffer[12] = 49;
  packetBuffer[13] = 0x4E;
  packetBuffer[14] = 49;
  packetBuffer[15] = 52;

  // all NTP fields have been given values, now
  // you can send a packet requesting a timestamp:
  Udp.beginPacket(address, 123); // NTP requests are to port 123
  Udp.write(packetBuffer, NTP_PACKET_SIZE);
  Udp.endPacket();
}

void ntp()
{
  while (true)
  {
    sendNTPpacket("time.nist.gov"); // send an NTP packet to a time server
    // wait to see if a reply is available
    delay(1000);
    if (Udp.parsePacket())
    {
      // We've received a packet, read the data from it
      Udp.read(packetBuffer, NTP_PACKET_SIZE); // read the packet into the buffer

      // the timestamp starts at byte 40 of the received packet and is four bytes,
      // or two words, long. First, extract the two words:

      unsigned long highWord = word(packetBuffer[40], packetBuffer[41]);
      unsigned long lowWord = word(packetBuffer[42], packetBuffer[43]);
      // combine the four bytes (two words) into a long integer
      // this is NTP time (seconds since Jan 1 1900):
      unsigned long secsSince1900 = highWord << 16 | lowWord;
      Serial.print("Seconds since Jan 1 1900 = ");
      Serial.println(secsSince1900);

      // now convert NTP time into everyday time:
      Serial.print("Unix time = ");
      // Unix time starts on Jan 1 1970. In seconds, that's 2208988800:
      const unsigned long seventyYears = 2208988800UL;
      // subtract seventy years:
      unsigned long epoch = secsSince1900 - seventyYears;
      // print Unix time:
      Serial.println(epoch);

      // print the hour, minute and second:
      sprintf(bjtime, "%d : %d : %d",
              (epoch % 86400L) / 3600 + 8,
              (epoch % 3600) / 60,
              epoch % 60);
      return;
    }
    // wait 3 seconds before asking for the time again
    Serial.println("Retry in 3 seconds...");
    delay(3000);
  }
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  Serial1.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial)
    ;
  setNet();
  Udp.begin(8888);
  ntp();
  Serial.println(bjtime);
  Serial1.println(bjtime);
}

void loop() {

}

 终极任务二：使用外部存储器，组建简易FTP文件服务器，并能正常上传下载文件。

这个任务我本来打算继续在arduino平台完成的，虽然ftp部分没有很大的问题，但是储存这块出了问题。不管是littlefs，还是SD库，我尝试了各种主流的sd卡驱动库，都无法在修改默认SPI的情况下成功读取并写入SD卡。因此只好转战micropython，因为micropython可以直接在内存中虚拟出一块区域作为储存使用。

github中8266的uftp代码可以直接使用，唯一需要更改的一个小地方，就是将我们的IP地址传入即可。

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import socket
import network
import uos
import gc
from time import localtime
from machine import Pin,SPI
import time


spi=SPI(0,2_000_000, mosi=Pin(19),miso=Pin(16),sck=Pin(18))
nic = network.WIZNET5K(spi,Pin(17),Pin(20)) #spi,cs,reset pin
nic.active(True)#network active
nic.ifconfig(('192.168.50.188','255.255.255.0','192.168.50.1','8.8.8.8'))#Set static network address information
while not nic.isconnected():
    time.sleep(1)
    print(nic.regs())#Print register information
    
#Print network address information
print("IP Address:",nic.ifconfig()[0])
print("Subnet Mask:",nic.ifconfig()[1])
print("Gateway:",nic.ifconfig()[2])
print("DNS:",nic.ifconfig()[3])


month_name = ["", "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"]

def send_list_data(path, dataclient, full):
    try: # whether path is a directory name
        for fname in uos.listdir(path):
            dataclient.sendall(make_description(path, fname, full))
    except: # path may be a file name or pattern
        pattern = path.split("/")[-1]
        path = path[:-(len(pattern) + 1)]
        if path == "": path = "/"
        for fname in uos.listdir(path):
            if fncmp(fname, pattern) == True:
                dataclient.sendall(make_description(path, fname, full))
                
def make_description(path, fname, full):
    if full:
        stat = uos.stat(get_absolute_path(path,fname))
        file_permissions = "drwxr-xr-x" if (stat[0] & 0o170000 == 0o040000) else "-rw-r--r--"
        file_size = stat[6]
        tm = localtime(stat[7])
        if tm[0] != localtime()[0]:
            description = "{}    1 owner group {:>10} {} {:2} {:>5} {}\r\n".format(
                file_permissions, file_size, month_name[tm[1]], tm[2], tm[0], fname)
        else:
            description = "{}    1 owner group {:>10} {} {:2} {:02}:{:02} {}\r\n".format(
                file_permissions, file_size, month_name[tm[1]], tm[2], tm[3], tm[4], fname)
    else:
        description = fname + "\r\n"
    return description
    
def send_file_data(path, dataclient):
    with open(path, "r") as file:
        chunk = file.read(512)
        while len(chunk) > 0:
            dataclient.sendall(chunk)
            chunk = file.read(512)

def save_file_data(path, dataclient, mode):
    with open(path, mode) as file:
        chunk = dataclient.read(512)
        while len(chunk) > 0:
            file.write(chunk)
            chunk = dataclient.read(512)

def get_absolute_path(cwd, payload):
    # Just a few special cases "..", "." and ""
    # If payload start's with /, set cwd to / 
    # and consider the remainder a relative path
    if payload.startswith('/'):
        cwd = "/"
    for token in payload.split("/"):
        if token == '..':
            if cwd != '/':
                cwd = '/'.join(cwd.split('/')[:-1])
                if cwd == '': 
                    cwd = '/'
        elif token != '.' and token != '':
            if cwd == '/':
                cwd += token
            else:
                cwd = cwd + '/' + token
    return cwd

# compare fname against pattern. Pattern may contain
# wildcards ? and *.
def fncmp(fname, pattern):
    pi = 0
    si = 0
    while pi < len(pattern) and si < len(fname):
        if (fname[si] == pattern[pi]) or (pattern[pi] == '?'):
            si += 1
            pi += 1
        else:
            if pattern[pi] == '*': # recurse
                if (pi + 1) == len(pattern):
                    return True
                while si < len(fname):
                    if fncmp(fname[si:], pattern[pi+1:]) == True:
                        return True
                    else:
                        si += 1
                return False
            else:
                return False
    if pi == len(pattern.rstrip("*"))  and si == len(fname):
        return True
    else:
        return False
    
def ftpserver():
    DATA_PORT = 13333
    ftpsocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    datasocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    ftpsocket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    datasocket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)

    ftpsocket.bind(socket.getaddrinfo("0.0.0.0", 21)[0][4])
    datasocket.bind(socket.getaddrinfo("0.0.0.0", DATA_PORT)[0][4])

    ftpsocket.listen(1)
    datasocket.listen(1)
    datasocket.settimeout(10)

    msg_250_OK = '250 OK\r\n'
    msg_550_fail = '550 Failed\r\n'
    try:
        dataclient = None
        fromname = None
        while True:
            cl, remote_addr = ftpsocket.accept()
            cl.settimeout(300)
            cwd = '/'
            try:
                # print("FTP connection from:", remote_addr)
                cl.sendall("220 Hello, this is the ESP8266.\r\n")
                while True:
                    gc.collect()
                    data = cl.readline().decode("utf-8").rstrip("\r\n")
                    if len(data) <= 0:
                        print("Client disappeared")
                        break
                    
                    command = data.split(" ")[0].upper()
                    payload = data[len(command):].lstrip()

                    path = get_absolute_path(cwd, payload)
                    
                    print("Command={}, Payload={}, Path={}".format(command, payload, path))
                    
                    if command == "USER":
                        cl.sendall("230 Logged in.\r\n")
                    elif command == "SYST":
                        cl.sendall("215 UNIX Type: L8\r\n")
                    elif command == "NOOP":
                        cl.sendall("200 OK\r\n")
                    elif command == "FEAT":
                        cl.sendall("211 no-features\r\n")
                    elif command == "PWD":
                        cl.sendall('257 "{}"\r\n'.format(cwd))
                    elif command == "CWD":
                        try:
                            files = uos.listdir(path)
                            cwd = path
                            cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
                        except:
                            cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
                    elif command == "CDUP":
                        cwd = get_absolute_path(cwd, "..")
                        cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
                    elif command == "TYPE":
                        # probably should switch between binary and not
                        cl.sendall('200 Transfer mode set\r\n')
                    elif command == "SIZE":
                        try:
                            size = uos.stat(path)[6]
                            cl.sendall('213 {}\r\n'.format(size))
                        except:
                            cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
                    elif command == "QUIT":
                        cl.sendall('221 Bye.\r\n')
                        break
                    elif command == "PASV":
                        addr = nic.ifconfig()[0]
                        cl.sendall('227 Entering Passive Mode ({},{},{}).\r\n'.format(
                            addr.replace('.',','), DATA_PORT>>8, DATA_PORT%256))
                        dataclient, data_addr = datasocket.accept()
                        # print("FTP Data connection from:", data_addr)
                    elif command == "LIST" or command == "NLST":
                        if not payload.startswith("-"):
                            place = path
                        else: 
                            place = cwd
                        try:
                            send_list_data(place, dataclient, command == "LIST" or payload == "-l")
                            cl.sendall("150 Here comes the directory listing.\r\n")
                            cl.sendall("226 Listed.\r\n")
                        except:
                            cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
                        if dataclient is not None:
                            dataclient.close()
                            dataclient = None
                    elif command == "RETR":
                        try:
                            send_file_data(path, dataclient)
                            cl.sendall("150 Opening data connection.\r\n")
                            cl.sendall("226 Transfer complete.\r\n")
                        except:
                            cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
                        if dataclient is not None:
                            dataclient.close()
                            dataclient = None
                    elif command == "STOR":
                        try:
                            cl.sendall("150 Ok to send data.\r\n")
                            save_file_data(path, dataclient, "w")
                            cl.sendall("226 Transfer complete.\r\n")
                        except:
                            cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
                        if dataclient is not None:
                            dataclient.close()
                            dataclient = None
                    elif command == "APPE":
                        try:
                            cl.sendall("150 Ok to send data.\r\n")
                            save_file_data(path, dataclient, "a")
                            cl.sendall("226 Transfer complete.\r\n")
                        except:
                            cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
                        if dataclient is not None:
                            dataclient.close()
                            dataclient = None
                    elif command == "DELE":
                        try:
                            uos.remove(path)
                            cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
                        except:
                            cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
                    elif command == "RMD":
                        try:
                            uos.rmdir(path)
                            cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
                        except:
                            cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
                    elif command == "MKD":
                        try:
                            uos.mkdir(path)
                            cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
                        except:
                            cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
                    elif command == "RNFR":
                            fromname = path
                            cl.sendall("350 Rename from\r\n")
                    elif command == "RNTO":
                            if fromname is not None: 
                                try:
                                    uos.rename(fromname, path)
                                    cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
                                except:
                                    cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
                            else:
                                cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
                            fromname = None
                    else:
                        cl.sendall("502 Unsupported command.\r\n")
                        # print("Unsupported command {} with payload {}".format(command, payload))
            except Exception as err:
                print(err)  

            finally:          
                cl.close()
                cl = None
    finally:
        datasocket.close()
        ftpsocket.close()
        if dataclient is not None:
            dataclient.close()

ftpserver()

 

 

项目视频


项目源码

https://download.eeworld.com.cn/detail/%E6%B1%9F%E5%8D%8E210/631263

 

心得
通过followme活动让我学到了很多，在活动中可以尝试很多之前没有尝试过的平台，希望活动越办越好。

Jacktang

cardputer之前，要安装一下对应的库，谢谢提醒哈