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- Generic Access Profile(通用访问协议)介绍
大家可以通过这几篇文章了解GAP：【BLE CORE】二、GAP(Generic Access Profile)和蓝牙 GAP 最细致的分析上。
1.MAC地址
有关MAC地址的介绍，可以参考这篇文章：蓝牙学习七（MAC地址）
①设置MAC地址sd_ble_gap_addr_set
调用sd_ble_gap_addr_set函数我们可以设置MAC地址
/**@} */
/**@addtogroup BLE_GAP_FUNCTIONS Functions
* @{ */
/**[url=home.php?mod=space&uid=159083]@brief[/url] Set the local Bluetooth identity address.
*
* The local Bluetooth identity address is the address that identifies this device to other peers.
* The address type must be either [url=home.php?mod=space&uid=1064992]@ref[/url] BLE_GAP_ADDR_TYPE_PUBLIC or @ref BLE_GAP_ADDR_TYPE_RANDOM_STATIC.
*
* @note The identity address cannot be changed while advertising, scanning or creating a connection.
*
* @note This address will be distributed to the peer during bonding.
* If the address changes, the address stored in the peer device will not be valid and the ability to
* reconnect using the old address will be lost.
*
* @note By default the SoftDevice will set an address of type @ref BLE_GAP_ADDR_TYPE_RANDOM_STATIC upon being
* enabled. The address is a random number populated during the IC manufacturing process and remains unchanged
* for the lifetime of each IC.
*
* @mscs
* @mmsc{@ref BLE_GAP_ADV_MSC}
* @endmscs
*
* @param[in] p_addr Pointer to address structure.
*
* @retval ::NRF_SUCCESS Address successfully set.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_INVALID_ADDR Invalid pointer supplied.
* @retval ::BLE_ERROR_GAP_INVALID_BLE_ADDR Invalid address.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_BUSY The stack is busy, process pending events and retry.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_INVALID_STATE The identity address cannot be changed while advertising,
* scanning or creating a connection.
*/
SVCALL(SD_BLE_GAP_ADDR_SET, uint32_t, sd_ble_gap_addr_set(ble_gap_addr_t const *p_addr));
ble_gap_addr_t结构体为
/**@brief Bluetooth Low Energy address. */
typedef struct
{
uint8_t addr_id_peer : 1; /**< Only valid for peer addresses.
This bit is set by the SoftDevice to indicate whether the address has been resolved from
a Resolvable Private Address (when the peer is using privacy).
If set to 1, @ref addr and @ref addr_type refer to the identity address of the resolved address.
This bit is ignored when a variable of type @ref ble_gap_addr_t is used as input to API functions. */
uint8_t addr_type : 7; /**< See @ref BLE_GAP_ADDR_TYPES. */
uint8_t addr[BLE_GAP_ADDR_LEN]; /**< 48-bit address, LSB format.
@ref addr is not used if @ref addr_type is @ref BLE_GAP_ADDR_TYPE_ANONYMOUS. */
} ble_gap_addr_t;
②获取MAC地址sd_ble_gap_addr_get
调用sd_ble_gap_addr_get函数我们可以获取MAC地址
该函数的介绍如下：
/**@brief Get local Bluetooth identity address.
*
* @note This will always return the identity address irrespective of the privacy settings,
* i.e. the address type will always be either @ref BLE_GAP_ADDR_TYPE_PUBLIC or @ref BLE_GAP_ADDR_TYPE_RANDOM_STATIC.
*
* @param[out] p_addr Pointer to address structure to be filled in.
*
* @retval ::NRF_SUCCESS Address successfully retrieved.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_INVALID_ADDR Invalid or NULL pointer supplied.
*/
SVCALL(SD_BLE_GAP_ADDR_GET, uint32_t, sd_ble_gap_addr_get(ble_gap_addr_t *p_addr));
2.白名单
白名单（white list）是BLE协议中最简单、直白的一种安全机制。所谓的白名单，就是一组蓝牙地址。通过白名单，可以只允许特定的蓝牙设备（白名单中列出的）扫描（Scan）、连接（connect）；也可以只扫描、连接特定的蓝牙设备（白名单中列出的）。
①白名单设置sd_ble_gap_whitelist_set
/**@brief Set the active whitelist in the SoftDevice.
*
* @note Only one whitelist can be used at a time and the whitelist is shared between the BLE roles.
* The whitelist cannot be set if a BLE role is using the whitelist.
*
* @note If an address is resolved using the information in the device identity list, then the whitelist
* filter policy applies to the peer identity address and not the resolvable address sent on air.
*
* @mscs
* @mmsc{@ref BLE_GAP_WL_SHARE_MSC}
* @mmsc{@ref BLE_GAP_PRIVACY_SCAN_PRIVATE_SCAN_MSC}
* @endmscs
*
* @param[in] pp_wl_addrs Pointer to a whitelist of peer addresses, if NULL the whitelist will be cleared.
* @param[in] len Length of the whitelist, maximum @ref BLE_GAP_WHITELIST_ADDR_MAX_COUNT.
*
* @retval ::NRF_SUCCESS The whitelist is successfully set/cleared.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_INVALID_ADDR The whitelist (or one of its entries) provided is invalid.
* @retval ::BLE_ERROR_GAP_WHITELIST_IN_USE The whitelist is in use by a BLE role and cannot be set or cleared.
* @retval ::BLE_ERROR_GAP_INVALID_BLE_ADDR Invalid address type is supplied.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_DATA_SIZE The given whitelist size is invalid (zero or too large); this can only return when
* pp_wl_addrs is not NULL.
*/
SVCALL(SD_BLE_GAP_WHITELIST_SET, uint32_t, sd_ble_gap_whitelist_set(ble_gap_addr_t const * const * pp_wl_addrs, uint8_t len));
3.设备名称
①设备名称设置sd_ble_gap_device_name_set
调用sd_ble_gap_device_name_set函数我们可以设置设备名称，有三个参数，分别为连接安全模式，设备名称，设备名称长度
/**@brief Set GAP device name.
*
* @note If the device name is located in application flash memory (see @ref ble_gap_cfg_device_name_t),
* it cannot be changed. Then @ref NRF_ERROR_FORBIDDEN will be returned.
*
* @param[in] p_write_perm Write permissions for the Device Name characteristic, see @ref ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t.
* @param[in] p_dev_name Pointer to a UTF-8 encoded, <b>non NULL-terminated</b> string.
* @param[in] len Length of the UTF-8, <b>non NULL-terminated</b> string pointed to by p_dev_name in octets (must be smaller or equal than @ref BLE_GAP_DEVNAME_MAX_LEN).
*
* @retval ::NRF_SUCCESS GAP device name and permissions set successfully.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_INVALID_ADDR Invalid pointer supplied.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM Invalid parameter(s) supplied.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_DATA_SIZE Invalid data size(s) supplied.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_FORBIDDEN Device name is not writable.
*/
SVCALL(SD_BLE_GAP_DEVICE_NAME_SET, uint32_t, sd_ble_gap_device_name_set(ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t const *p_write_perm, uint8_t const *p_dev_name, uint16_t len));
连接安全模式ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t结构体为
/**@brief GAP connection security modes.
*
* Security Mode 0 Level 0: No access permissions at all (this level is not defined by the Bluetooth Core specification).\n
* Security Mode 1 Level 1: No security is needed (aka open link).\n
* Security Mode 1 Level 2: Encrypted link required, MITM protection not necessary.\n
* Security Mode 1 Level 3: MITM protected encrypted link required.\n
* Security Mode 1 Level 4: LESC MITM protected encrypted link using a 128-bit strength encryption key required.\n
* Security Mode 2 Level 1: Signing or encryption required, MITM protection not necessary.\n
* Security Mode 2 Level 2: MITM protected signing required, unless link is MITM protected encrypted.\n
*/
typedef struct
{
uint8_t sm : 4; /**< Security Mode (1 or 2), 0 for no permissions at all. */
uint8_t lv : 4; /**< Level (1, 2, 3 or 4), 0 for no permissions at all. */
} ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t;
设置连接安全模式
/**@defgroup BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_MACROS GAP attribute security requirement setters
*
* See @ref ble_gap_conn_sec_mode_t.
* @{ */
/**@brief Set sec_mode pointed to by ptr to have no access rights.*/
#define BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_NO_ACCESS(ptr) do {(ptr)->sm = 0; (ptr)->lv = 0;} while(0)
/**@brief Set sec_mode pointed to by ptr to require no protection, open link.*/
#define BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_OPEN(ptr) do {(ptr)->sm = 1; (ptr)->lv = 1;} while(0)
/**@brief Set sec_mode pointed to by ptr to require encryption, but no MITM protection.*/
#define BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_ENC_NO_MITM(ptr) do {(ptr)->sm = 1; (ptr)->lv = 2;} while(0)
/**@brief Set sec_mode pointed to by ptr to require encryption and MITM protection.*/
#define BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_ENC_WITH_MITM(ptr) do {(ptr)->sm = 1; (ptr)->lv = 3;} while(0)
/**@brief Set sec_mode pointed to by ptr to require LESC encryption and MITM protection.*/
#define BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_LESC_ENC_WITH_MITM(ptr) do {(ptr)->sm = 1; (ptr)->lv = 4;} while(0)
/**@brief Set sec_mode pointed to by ptr to require signing or encryption, no MITM protection needed.*/
#define BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_SIGNED_NO_MITM(ptr) do {(ptr)->sm = 2; (ptr)->lv = 1;} while(0)
/**@brief Set sec_mode pointed to by ptr to require signing or encryption with MITM protection.*/
#define BLE_GAP_CONN_SEC_MODE_SET_SIGNED_WITH_MITM(ptr) do {(ptr)->sm = 2; (ptr)->lv = 2;} while(0)
/**@} */
4.蓝牙图标
设置蓝牙图标sd_ble_gap_appearance_set
/**@brief Set GAP Appearance value.
*
* @param[in] appearance Appearance (16-bit), see @ref BLE_APPEARANCES.
*
* @retval ::NRF_SUCCESS Appearance value set successfully.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM Invalid parameter(s) supplied.
*/
SVCALL(SD_BLE_GAP_APPEARANCE_SET, uint32_t, sd_ble_gap_appearance_set(uint16_t appearance));
BLE_APPEARANCES相关参数
/** @defgroup BLE_APPEARANCES Bluetooth Appearance values
* @note Retrieved from http://developer.bluetooth.org/gatt/characteristics/Pages/CharacteristicViewer.aspx?u=org.bluetooth.characteristic.gap.appearance.xml
* @{ */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_UNKNOWN 0 /**< Unknown. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_PHONE 64 /**< Generic Phone. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_COMPUTER 128 /**< Generic Computer. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_WATCH 192 /**< Generic Watch. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_WATCH_SPORTS_WATCH 193 /**< Watch: Sports Watch. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_CLOCK 256 /**< Generic Clock. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_DISPLAY 320 /**< Generic Display. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_REMOTE_CONTROL 384 /**< Generic Remote Control. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_EYE_GLASSES 448 /**< Generic Eye-glasses. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_TAG 512 /**< Generic Tag. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_KEYRING 576 /**< Generic Keyring. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_MEDIA_PLAYER 640 /**< Generic Media Player. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_BARCODE_SCANNER 704 /**< Generic Barcode Scanner. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_THERMOMETER 768 /**< Generic Thermometer. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_THERMOMETER_EAR 769 /**< Thermometer: Ear. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_HEART_RATE_SENSOR 832 /**< Generic Heart rate Sensor. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_HEART_RATE_SENSOR_HEART_RATE_BELT 833 /**< Heart Rate Sensor: Heart Rate Belt. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_BLOOD_PRESSURE 896 /**< Generic Blood Pressure. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_BLOOD_PRESSURE_ARM 897 /**< Blood Pressure: Arm. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_BLOOD_PRESSURE_WRIST 898 /**< Blood Pressure: Wrist. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_HID 960 /**< Human Interface Device (HID). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_HID_KEYBOARD 961 /**< Keyboard (HID Subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_HID_MOUSE 962 /**< Mouse (HID Subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_HID_JOYSTICK 963 /**< Joystick (HID Subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_HID_GAMEPAD 964 /**< Gamepad (HID Subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_HID_DIGITIZERSUBTYPE 965 /**< Digitizer Tablet (HID Subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_HID_CARD_READER 966 /**< Card Reader (HID Subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_HID_DIGITAL_PEN 967 /**< Digital Pen (HID Subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_HID_BARCODE 968 /**< Barcode Scanner (HID Subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_GLUCOSE_METER 1024 /**< Generic Glucose Meter. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_RUNNING_WALKING_SENSOR 1088 /**< Generic Running Walking Sensor. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_RUNNING_WALKING_SENSOR_IN_SHOE 1089 /**< Running Walking Sensor: In-Shoe. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_RUNNING_WALKING_SENSOR_ON_SHOE 1090 /**< Running Walking Sensor: On-Shoe. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_RUNNING_WALKING_SENSOR_ON_HIP 1091 /**< Running Walking Sensor: On-Hip. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_CYCLING 1152 /**< Generic Cycling. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_CYCLING_CYCLING_COMPUTER 1153 /**< Cycling: Cycling Computer. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_CYCLING_SPEED_SENSOR 1154 /**< Cycling: Speed Sensor. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_CYCLING_CADENCE_SENSOR 1155 /**< Cycling: Cadence Sensor. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_CYCLING_POWER_SENSOR 1156 /**< Cycling: Power Sensor. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_CYCLING_SPEED_CADENCE_SENSOR 1157 /**< Cycling: Speed and Cadence Sensor. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_PULSE_OXIMETER 3136 /**< Generic Pulse Oximeter. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_PULSE_OXIMETER_FINGERTIP 3137 /**< Fingertip (Pulse Oximeter subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_PULSE_OXIMETER_WRIST_WORN 3138 /**< Wrist Worn(Pulse Oximeter subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_WEIGHT_SCALE 3200 /**< Generic Weight Scale. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_GENERIC_OUTDOOR_SPORTS_ACT 5184 /**< Generic Outdoor Sports Activity. */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_OUTDOOR_SPORTS_ACT_LOC_DISP 5185 /**< Location Display Device (Outdoor Sports Activity subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_OUTDOOR_SPORTS_ACT_LOC_AND_NAV_DISP 5186 /**< Location and Navigation Display Device (Outdoor Sports Activity subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_OUTDOOR_SPORTS_ACT_LOC_POD 5187 /**< Location Pod (Outdoor Sports Activity subtype). */
#define BLE_APPEARANCE_OUTDOOR_SPORTS_ACT_LOC_AND_NAV_POD 5188 /**< Location and Navigation Pod (Outdoor Sports Activity subtype). */
/** @} */
5.连接参数
①配置连接参数sd_ble_gap_ppcp_set
/**@brief Set GAP Peripheral Preferred Connection Parameters.
*
* @param[in] p_conn_params Pointer to a @ref ble_gap_conn_params_t structure with the desired parameters.
*
* @retval ::NRF_SUCCESS Peripheral Preferred Connection Parameters set successfully.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_INVALID_ADDR Invalid pointer supplied.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM Invalid parameter(s) supplied.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED The characteristic is not included in the Attribute Table,
see @ref ble_gap_cfg_ppcp_incl_cfg_t.
*/
SVCALL(SD_BLE_GAP_PPCP_SET, uint32_t, sd_ble_gap_ppcp_set(ble_gap_conn_params_t const *p_conn_params));
ble_gap_conn_params_t结构体
/**@brief GAP connection parameters.
*
* @note When ble_conn_params_t is received in an event, both min_conn_interval and
* max_conn_interval will be equal to the connection interval set by the central.
*
* @note If both conn_sup_timeout and max_conn_interval are specified, then the following constraint applies:
* conn_sup_timeout * 4 > (1 + slave_latency) * max_conn_interval
* that corresponds to the following Bluetooth Spec requirement:
* The Supervision_Timeout in milliseconds shall be larger than
* (1 + Conn_Latency) * Conn_Interval_Max * 2, where Conn_Interval_Max is given in milliseconds.
*/
typedef struct
{
uint16_t min_conn_interval; /**< Minimum Connection Interval in 1.25 ms units, see @ref BLE_GAP_CP_LIMITS.*/
uint16_t max_conn_interval; /**< Maximum Connection Interval in 1.25 ms units, see @ref BLE_GAP_CP_LIMITS.*/
uint16_t slave_latency; /**< Slave Latency in number of connection events, see @ref BLE_GAP_CP_LIMITS.*/
uint16_t conn_sup_timeout; /**< Connection Supervision Timeout in 10 ms units, see @ref BLE_GAP_CP_LIMITS.*/
} ble_gap_conn_params_t;
6.发射功率
设置发射功率sd_ble_gap_tx_power_set
/**@brief Set the radio's transmit power.
*
* @param[in] role The role to set the transmit power for, see @ref BLE_GAP_TX_POWER_ROLES for
* possible roles.
* @param[in] handle The handle parameter is interpreted depending on role:
* - If role is @ref BLE_GAP_TX_POWER_ROLE_CONN, this value is the specific connection handle.
* - If role is @ref BLE_GAP_TX_POWER_ROLE_ADV, the advertising set identified with the advertising handle,
* will use the specified transmit power, and include it in the advertising packet headers if
* @ref ble_gap_adv_properties_t::include_tx_power set.
* - For all other roles handle is ignored.
* @param[in] tx_power Radio transmit power in dBm (see note for accepted values).
*
* @note Supported tx_power values: -40dBm, -20dBm, -16dBm, -12dBm, -8dBm, -4dBm, 0dBm, +3dBm and +4dBm.
* In addition, on some chips following values are supported: +2dBm, +5dBm, +6dBm, +7dBm and +8dBm.
* Setting these values on a chip that does not support them will result in undefined behaviour.
* @note The initiator will have the same transmit power as the scanner.
* @note When a connection is created it will inherit the transmit power from the initiator or
* advertiser leading to the connection.
*F
* @retval ::NRF_SUCCESS Successfully changed the transmit power.
* @retval ::NRF_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM Invalid parameter(s) supplied.
* @retval ::BLE_ERROR_INVALID_ADV_HANDLE Advertising handle not found.
* @retval ::BLE_ERROR_INVALID_CONN_HANDLE Invalid connection handle supplied.
*/
SVCALL(SD_BLE_GAP_TX_POWER_SET, uint32_t, sd_ble_gap_tx_power_set(uint8_t role, uint16_t handle, int8_t tx_power));
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