【得捷电子Follow me第1期】+ 提交贴—Raspberry Pi Pico W学习记录
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本帖最后由 奇迹12 于 2023-6-13 14:47 编辑
演示视频
Follow me第一期
【任务1】熟悉micropython的基本语法
1.烧录固件
2.安装Mu Editor
直接双击安装即可
配置为RP2040芯片。
3.熟悉micropython语法
MicroPython 是编程语言 Python3 的精简高效实现，语法和 Python3 保持一致，但只实现了 Python 标准库的一小部分，并且经过优化，可以在 MCU ， WIFI SOC 上等资源受限的环境中使用。
我们简单控制一下板卡上的小灯，实验一下。
import machine
led = machine.Pin("LED",machine.Pin.OUT)
led.on()
可以看到，板卡上的小灯被点亮
【任务2】驱动外设
1.驱动LED
官方就有很详细的历程，直接复制过来运行，控制板卡上的小灯闪烁。
import machine
import time
led = machine.Pin("LED",machine.Pin.OUT)
while True:
time.sleep(.5)
led.on()
time.sleep(.5)
led.off()
效果
2.驱动OLED显示屏
先将模块连接好，这里使用IIC0接口，SCL接9脚，SDA接8脚
板子的oled模块使用的是ssd1306显示控制芯片，首先我们要先添加一个驱动文件，作为oled的驱动代码。
from micropython import const
import framebuf
# register definitions
SET_CONTRAST = const(0x81)
SET_ENTIRE_ON = const(0xA4)
SET_NORM_INV = const(0xA6)
SET_DISP = const(0xAE)
SET_MEM_ADDR = const(0x20)
SET_COL_ADDR = const(0x21)
SET_PAGE_ADDR = const(0x22)
SET_DISP_START_LINE = const(0x40)
SET_SEG_REMAP = const(0xA0)
SET_MUX_RATIO = const(0xA8)
SET_COM_OUT_DIR = const(0xC0)
SET_DISP_OFFSET = const(0xD3)
SET_COM_PIN_CFG = const(0xDA)
SET_DISP_CLK_DIV = const(0xD5)
SET_PRECHARGE = const(0xD9)
SET_VCOM_DESEL = const(0xDB)
SET_CHARGE_PUMP = const(0x8D)
# Subclassing FrameBuffer provides support for graphics primitives
# http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/pyboard/library/framebuf.html
class SSD1306(framebuf.FrameBuffer):
def __init__(self, width, height, external_vcc):
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.external_vcc = external_vcc
self.pages = self.height // 8
self.buffer = bytearray(self.pages * self.width)
super().__init__(self.buffer, self.width, self.height, framebuf.MONO_VLSB)
self.init_display()
def init_display(self):
for cmd in (
SET_DISP | 0x00, # off
# address setting
SET_MEM_ADDR,
0x00, # horizontal
# resolution and layout
SET_DISP_START_LINE | 0x00,
SET_SEG_REMAP | 0x01, # column addr 127 mapped to SEG0
SET_MUX_RATIO,
self.height - 1,
SET_COM_OUT_DIR | 0x08, # scan from COM[N] to COM0
SET_DISP_OFFSET,
0x00,
SET_COM_PIN_CFG,
0x02 if self.width > 2 * self.height else 0x12,
# timing and driving scheme
SET_DISP_CLK_DIV,
0x80,
SET_PRECHARGE,
0x22 if self.external_vcc else 0xF1,
SET_VCOM_DESEL,
0x30, # 0.83*Vcc
# display
SET_CONTRAST,
0xFF, # maximum
SET_ENTIRE_ON, # output follows RAM contents
SET_NORM_INV, # not inverted
# charge pump
SET_CHARGE_PUMP,
0x10 if self.external_vcc else 0x14,
SET_DISP | 0x01,
): # on
self.write_cmd(cmd)
self.fill(0)
self.show()
def poweroff(self):
self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x00)
def poweron(self):
self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x01)
def contrast(self, contrast):
self.write_cmd(SET_CONTRAST)
self.write_cmd(contrast)
def invert(self, invert):
self.write_cmd(SET_NORM_INV | (invert & 1))
def show(self):
x0 = 0
x1 = self.width - 1
if self.width == 64:
# displays with width of 64 pixels are shifted by 32
x0 += 32
x1 += 32
self.write_cmd(SET_COL_ADDR)
self.write_cmd(x0)
self.write_cmd(x1)
self.write_cmd(SET_PAGE_ADDR)
self.write_cmd(0)
self.write_cmd(self.pages - 1)
self.write_data(self.buffer)
class SSD1306_I2C(SSD1306):
def __init__(self, width, height, i2c, addr=0x3C, external_vcc=False):
self.i2c = i2c
self.addr = addr
self.temp = bytearray(2)
self.write_list = [b"\x40", None] # Co=0, D/C#=1
super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)
def write_cmd(self, cmd):
self.temp[0] = 0x80 # Co=1, D/C#=0
self.temp[1] = cmd
self.i2c.writeto(self.addr, self.temp)
def write_data(self, buf):
self.write_list[1] = buf
self.i2c.writevto(self.addr, self.write_list)
class SSD1306_SPI(SSD1306):
def __init__(self, width, height, spi, dc, res, cs, external_vcc=False):
self.rate = 10 * 1024 * 1024
dc.init(dc.OUT, value=0)
res.init(res.OUT, value=0)
cs.init(cs.OUT, value=1)
self.spi = spi
self.dc = dc
self.res = res
self.cs = cs
import time
self.res(1)
time.sleep_ms(1)
self.res(0)
time.sleep_ms(10)
self.res(1)
super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)
def write_cmd(self, cmd):
self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
self.cs(1)
self.dc(0)
self.cs(0)
self.spi.write(bytearray([cmd]))
self.cs(1)
def write_data(self, buf):
self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
self.cs(1)
self.dc(1)
self.cs(0)
self.spi.write(buf)
self.cs(1)
将其重命名为ssd1306.py，保存到Raspberry Pi Pico W板卡里面
编写应用代码
import machine
import time
from ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C
from machine import Pin, I2C
i2c1 = I2C(0, scl=Pin(9), sda=Pin(8), freq=400000)
display = SSD1306_I2C(128,64,i2c1)
display.text('Follow me 1', 0, 0, 1)
display.text('MicroPython', 0, 12, 1)
display.text('Pico W', 0, 24, 1)
display.text('OLED 128x64', 0, 36, 1)
display.text('qiji12', 0, 48, 1)
display.show()
效果
3.驱动蜂鸣器
板卡使用的蜂鸣器为无源蜂鸣器，需要输出pwm信号进行控制，官方提供了比较完善的库，我们可以改改使用，这里使用了板卡的26脚。
import time
from machine import Pin, PWM
pwm = PWM(Pin(26))
frep = 100
pwm.freq(frep)
pwm.duty_u16(32768)
while True:
frep += 100
pwm.freq(frep)
time.sleep(.5)
if frep > 1200:
break
pwm.duty_u16(0)
运行代码可以听到蜂鸣器响度逐渐变化。
见上面演示视频。
【任务3】同步网络时间
通过网络同步系统时间
通过网络获取时间，然后写入板卡的RTC外设里面
import machine
import network
import ntptime
import time
# Set up the RTC
rtc = machine.RTC()
# 配置wifi
ssid = "wifi名称"
password = "wifi密码"
wifi = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
if not wifi.isconnected():
wifi.active(True)
wifi.connect(ssid, password)
while not wifi.isconnected():
pass
print("Connected to Wi-Fi")
# 从NTP服务器同时时间到RTC本地
ntptime.settime()
print("Time set successfully")
while True:
(year, month, day, weekday, hours, minutes, seconds, subseconds) = rtc.datetime()
print("%s/%s/%s %s:%s:%s" % (year, month, year, hours+8, minutes, seconds))
time.sleep(1)
注意，需要将wifi名称与wifi密码改为自己使用的。
效果
【任务4】实现定位功能
实现定位
首先需要解析模块返回的数据，我们直接使用网上已经造好的轮子
"""
# MicropyGPS - a GPS NMEA sentence parser for Micropython/Python 3.X
# Copyright (c) 2017 Michael Calvin McCoy (calvin.mccoy@protonmail.com)
# The MIT License (MIT) - see LICENSE file
"""
# TODO:
# Time Since First Fix
# Distance/Time to Target
# More Helper Functions
# Dynamically limit sentences types to parse
from math import floor, modf
# Import utime or time for fix time handling
try:
# Assume running on MicroPython
import utime
except ImportError:
# Otherwise default to time module for non-embedded implementations
# Should still support millisecond resolution.
import time
class MicropyGPS(object):
"""GPS NMEA Sentence Parser. Creates object that stores all relevant GPS data and statistics.
Parses sentences one character at a time using update(). """
# Max Number of Characters a valid sentence can be (based on GGA sentence)
SENTENCE_LIMIT = 90
__HEMISPHERES = ('N', 'S', 'E', 'W')
__NO_FIX = 1
__FIX_2D = 2
__FIX_3D = 3
__DIRECTIONS = ('N', 'NNE', 'NE', 'ENE', 'E', 'ESE', 'SE', 'SSE', 'S', 'SSW', 'SW', 'WSW', 'W',
'WNW', 'NW', 'NNW')
__MONTHS = ('January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May',
'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October',
'November', 'December')
def __init__(self, local_offset=0, location_formatting='ddm'):
"""
Setup GPS Object Status Flags, Internal Data Registers, etc
local_offset (int): Timzone Difference to UTC
location_formatting (str): Style For Presenting Longitude/Latitude:
Decimal Degree Minute (ddm) - 40° 26.767′ N
Degrees Minutes Seconds (dms) - 40° 26′ 46″ N
Decimal Degrees (dd) - 40.446° N
"""
#####################
# Object Status Flags
self.sentence_active = False
self.active_segment = 0
self.process_crc = False
self.gps_segments = []
self.crc_xor = 0
self.char_count = 0
self.fix_time = 0
#####################
# Sentence Statistics
self.crc_fails = 0
self.clean_sentences = 0
self.parsed_sentences = 0
#####################
# Logging Related
self.log_handle = None
self.log_en = False
#####################
# Data From Sentences
# Time
self.timestamp = [0, 0, 0.0]
self.date = [0, 0, 0]
self.local_offset = local_offset
# Position/Motion
self._latitude = [0, 0.0, 'N']
self._longitude = [0, 0.0, 'W']
self.coord_format = location_formatting
self.speed = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
self.course = 0.0
self.altitude = 0.0
self.geoid_height = 0.0
# GPS Info
self.satellites_in_view = 0
self.satellites_in_use = 0
self.satellites_used = []
self.last_sv_sentence = 0
self.total_sv_sentences = 0
self.satellite_data = dict()
self.hdop = 0.0
self.pdop = 0.0
self.vdop = 0.0
self.valid = False
self.fix_stat = 0
self.fix_type = 1
########################################
# Coordinates Translation Functions
########################################
@property
def latitude(self):
"""Format Latitude Data Correctly"""
if self.coord_format == 'dd':
decimal_degrees = self._latitude[0] + (self._latitude[1] / 60)
return [decimal_degrees, self._latitude[2]]
elif self.coord_format == 'dms':
minute_parts = modf(self._latitude[1])
seconds = round(minute_parts[0] * 60)
return [self._latitude[0], int(minute_parts[1]), seconds, self._latitude[2]]
else:
return self._latitude
@property
def longitude(self):
"""Format Longitude Data Correctly"""
if self.coord_format == 'dd':
decimal_degrees = self._longitude[0] + (self._longitude[1] / 60)
return [decimal_degrees, self._longitude[2]]
elif self.coord_format == 'dms':
minute_parts = modf(self._longitude[1])
seconds = round(minute_parts[0] * 60)
return [self._longitude[0], int(minute_parts[1]), seconds, self._longitude[2]]
else:
return self._longitude
########################################
# Logging Related Functions
########################################
def start_logging(self, target_file, mode="append"):
"""
Create GPS data log object
"""
# Set Write Mode Overwrite or Append
mode_code = 'w' if mode == 'new' else 'a'
try:
self.log_handle = open(target_file, mode_code)
except AttributeError:
print("Invalid FileName")
return False
self.log_en = True
return True
def stop_logging(self):
"""
Closes the log file handler and disables further logging
"""
try:
self.log_handle.close()
except AttributeError:
print("Invalid Handle")
return False
self.log_en = False
return True
def write_log(self, log_string):
"""Attempts to write the last valid NMEA sentence character to the active file handler
"""
try:
self.log_handle.write(log_string)
except TypeError:
return False
return True
########################################
# Sentence Parsers
########################################
def gprmc(self):
"""Parse Recommended Minimum Specific GPS/Transit data (RMC)Sentence.
Updates UTC timestamp, latitude, longitude, Course, Speed, Date, and fix status
"""
# UTC Timestamp
try:
utc_string = self.gps_segments[1]
if utc_string: # Possible timestamp found
hours = (int(utc_string[0:2]) + self.local_offset) % 24
minutes = int(utc_string[2:4])
seconds = float(utc_string[4:])
self.timestamp = [hours, minutes, seconds]
else: # No Time stamp yet
self.timestamp = [0, 0, 0.0]
except ValueError: # Bad Timestamp value present
return False
# Date stamp
try:
date_string = self.gps_segments[9]
# Date string printer function assumes to be year >=2000,
# date_string() must be supplied with the correct century argument to display correctly
if date_string: # Possible date stamp found
day = int(date_string[0:2])
month = int(date_string[2:4])
year = int(date_string[4:6])
self.date = (day, month, year)
else: # No Date stamp yet
self.date = (0, 0, 0)
except ValueError: # Bad Date stamp value present
return False
# Check Receiver Data Valid Flag
if self.gps_segments[2] == 'A': # Data from Receiver is Valid/Has Fix
# Longitude / Latitude
try:
# Latitude
l_string = self.gps_segments[3]
lat_degs = int(l_string[0:2])
lat_mins = float(l_string[2:])
lat_hemi = self.gps_segments[4]
# Longitude
l_string = self.gps_segments[5]
lon_degs = int(l_string[0:3])
lon_mins = float(l_string[3:])
lon_hemi = self.gps_segments[6]
except ValueError:
return False
if lat_hemi not in self.__HEMISPHERES:
return False
if lon_hemi not in self.__HEMISPHERES:
return False
# Speed
try:
spd_knt = float(self.gps_segments[7])
except ValueError:
return False
# Course
try:
if self.gps_segments[8]:
course = float(self.gps_segments[8])
else:
course = 0.0
except ValueError:
return False
# TODO - Add Magnetic Variation
# Update Object Data
self._latitude = [lat_degs, lat_mins, lat_hemi]
self._longitude = [lon_degs, lon_mins, lon_hemi]
# Include mph and hm/h
self.speed = [spd_knt, spd_knt * 1.151, spd_knt * 1.852]
self.course = course
self.valid = True
# Update Last Fix Time
self.new_fix_time()
else: # Clear Position Data if Sentence is 'Invalid'
self._latitude = [0, 0.0, 'N']
self._longitude = [0, 0.0, 'W']
self.speed = [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
self.course = 0.0
self.valid = False
return True
def gpgll(self):
"""Parse Geographic Latitude and Longitude (GLL)Sentence. Updates UTC timestamp, latitude,
longitude, and fix status"""
# UTC Timestamp
try:
utc_string = self.gps_segments[5]
if utc_string: # Possible timestamp found
hours = (int(utc_string[0:2]) + self.local_offset) % 24
minutes = int(utc_string[2:4])
seconds = float(utc_string[4:])
self.timestamp = [hours, minutes, seconds]
else: # No Time stamp yet
self.timestamp = [0, 0, 0.0]
except ValueError: # Bad Timestamp value present
return False
# Check Receiver Data Valid Flag
if self.gps_segments[6] == 'A': # Data from Receiver is Valid/Has Fix
# Longitude / Latitude
try:
# Latitude
l_string = self.gps_segments[1]
lat_degs = int(l_string[0:2])
lat_mins = float(l_string[2:])
lat_hemi = self.gps_segments[2]
# Longitude
l_string = self.gps_segments[3]
lon_degs = int(l_string[0:3])
lon_mins = float(l_string[3:])
lon_hemi = self.gps_segments[4]
except ValueError:
return False
if lat_hemi not in self.__HEMISPHERES:
return False
if lon_hemi not in self.__HEMISPHERES:
return False
# Update Object Data
self._latitude = [lat_degs, lat_mins, lat_hemi]
self._longitude = [lon_degs, lon_mins, lon_hemi]
self.valid = True
# Update Last Fix Time
self.new_fix_time()
else: # Clear Position Data if Sentence is 'Invalid'
self._latitude = [0, 0.0, 'N']
self._longitude = [0, 0.0, 'W']
self.valid = False
return True
def gpvtg(self):
"""Parse Track Made Good and Ground Speed (VTG) Sentence. Updates speed and course"""
try:
course = float(self.gps_segments[1]) if self.gps_segments[1] else 0.0
spd_knt = float(self.gps_segments[5]) if self.gps_segments[5] else 0.0
except ValueError:
return False
# Include mph and km/h
self.speed = (spd_knt, spd_knt * 1.151, spd_knt * 1.852)
self.course = course
return True
def gpgga(self):
"""Parse Global Positioning System Fix Data (GGA) Sentence. Updates UTC timestamp, latitude, longitude,
fix status, satellites in use, Horizontal Dilution of Precision (HDOP), altitude, geoid height and fix status"""
try:
# UTC Timestamp
utc_string = self.gps_segments[1]
# Skip timestamp if receiver doesn't have on yet
if utc_string:
hours = (int(utc_string[0:2]) + self.local_offset) % 24
minutes = int(utc_string[2:4])
seconds = float(utc_string[4:])
else:
hours = 0
minutes = 0
seconds = 0.0
# Number of Satellites in Use
satellites_in_use = int(self.gps_segments[7])
# Get Fix Status
fix_stat = int(self.gps_segments[6])
except (ValueError, IndexError):
return False
try:
# Horizontal Dilution of Precision
hdop = float(self.gps_segments[8])
except (ValueError, IndexError):
hdop = 0.0
# Process Location and Speed Data if Fix is GOOD
if fix_stat:
# Longitude / Latitude
try:
# Latitude
l_string = self.gps_segments[2]
lat_degs = int(l_string[0:2])
lat_mins = float(l_string[2:])
lat_hemi = self.gps_segments[3]
# Longitude
l_string = self.gps_segments[4]
lon_degs = int(l_string[0:3])
lon_mins = float(l_string[3:])
lon_hemi = self.gps_segments[5]
except ValueError:
return False
if lat_hemi not in self.__HEMISPHERES:
return False
if lon_hemi not in self.__HEMISPHERES:
return False
# Altitude / Height Above Geoid
try:
altitude = float(self.gps_segments[9])
geoid_height = float(self.gps_segments[11])
except ValueError:
altitude = 0
geoid_height = 0
# Update Object Data
self._latitude = [lat_degs, lat_mins, lat_hemi]
self._longitude = [lon_degs, lon_mins, lon_hemi]
self.altitude = altitude
self.geoid_height = geoid_height
# Update Object Data
self.timestamp = [hours, minutes, seconds]
self.satellites_in_use = satellites_in_use
self.hdop = hdop
self.fix_stat = fix_stat
# If Fix is GOOD, update fix timestamp
if fix_stat:
self.new_fix_time()
return True
def gpgsa(self):
"""Parse GNSS DOP and Active Satellites (GSA) sentence. Updates GPS fix type, list of satellites used in
fix calculation, Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP), Horizontal Dilution of Precision (HDOP), Vertical
Dilution of Precision, and fix status"""
# Fix Type (None,2D or 3D)
try:
fix_type = int(self.gps_segments[2])
except ValueError:
return False
# Read All (up to 12) Available PRN Satellite Numbers
sats_used = []
for sats in range(12):
sat_number_str = self.gps_segments[3 + sats]
if sat_number_str:
try:
sat_number = int(sat_number_str)
sats_used.append(sat_number)
except ValueError:
return False
else:
break
# PDOP,HDOP,VDOP
try:
pdop = float(self.gps_segments[15])
hdop = float(self.gps_segments[16])
vdop = float(self.gps_segments[17])
except ValueError:
return False
# Update Object Data
self.fix_type = fix_type
# If Fix is GOOD, update fix timestamp
if fix_type > self.__NO_FIX:
self.new_fix_time()
self.satellites_used = sats_used
self.hdop = hdop
self.vdop = vdop
self.pdop = pdop
return True
def gpgsv(self):
"""Parse Satellites in View (GSV) sentence. Updates number of SV Sentences,the number of the last SV sentence
parsed, and data on each satellite present in the sentence"""
try:
num_sv_sentences = int(self.gps_segments[1])
current_sv_sentence = int(self.gps_segments[2])
sats_in_view = int(self.gps_segments[3])
except ValueError:
return False
# Create a blank dict to store all the satellite data from this sentence in:
# satellite PRN is key, tuple containing telemetry is value
satellite_dict = dict()
# Calculate Number of Satelites to pull data for and thus how many segment positions to read
if num_sv_sentences == current_sv_sentence:
# Last sentence may have 1-4 satellites; 5 - 20 positions
sat_segment_limit = (sats_in_view - ((num_sv_sentences - 1) * 4)) * 5
else:
sat_segment_limit = 20 # Non-last sentences have 4 satellites and thus read up to position 20
# Try to recover data for up to 4 satellites in sentence
for sats in range(4, sat_segment_limit, 4):
# If a PRN is present, grab satellite data
if self.gps_segments[sats]:
try:
sat_id = int(self.gps_segments[sats])
except (ValueError,IndexError):
return False
try: # elevation can be null (no value) when not tracking
elevation = int(self.gps_segments[sats+1])
except (ValueError,IndexError):
elevation = None
try: # azimuth can be null (no value) when not tracking
azimuth = int(self.gps_segments[sats+2])
except (ValueError,IndexError):
azimuth = None
try: # SNR can be null (no value) when not tracking
snr = int(self.gps_segments[sats+3])
except (ValueError,IndexError):
snr = None
# If no PRN is found, then the sentence has no more satellites to read
else:
break
# Add Satellite Data to Sentence Dict
satellite_dict[sat_id] = (elevation, azimuth, snr)
# Update Object Data
self.total_sv_sentences = num_sv_sentences
self.last_sv_sentence = current_sv_sentence
self.satellites_in_view = sats_in_view
# For a new set of sentences, we either clear out the existing sat data or
# update it as additional SV sentences are parsed
if current_sv_sentence == 1:
self.satellite_data = satellite_dict
else:
self.satellite_data.update(satellite_dict)
return True
##########################################
# Data Stream Handler Functions
##########################################
def new_sentence(self):
"""Adjust Object Flags in Preparation for a New Sentence"""
self.gps_segments = ['']
self.active_segment = 0
self.crc_xor = 0
self.sentence_active = True
self.process_crc = True
self.char_count = 0
def update(self, new_char):
"""Process a new input char and updates GPS object if necessary based on special characters ('$', ',', '*')
Function builds a list of received string that are validate by CRC prior to parsing by the appropriate
sentence function. Returns sentence type on successful parse, None otherwise"""
valid_sentence = False
# Validate new_char is a printable char
ascii_char = ord(new_char)
if 10 <= ascii_char <= 126:
self.char_count += 1
# Write Character to log file if enabled
if self.log_en:
self.write_log(new_char)
# Check if a new string is starting ($)
if new_char == '$':
self.new_sentence()
return None
elif self.sentence_active:
# Check if sentence is ending (*)
if new_char == '*':
self.process_crc = False
self.active_segment += 1
self.gps_segments.append('')
return None
# Check if a section is ended (,), Create a new substring to feed
# characters to
elif new_char == ',':
self.active_segment += 1
self.gps_segments.append('')
# Store All Other printable character and check CRC when ready
else:
self.gps_segments[self.active_segment] += new_char
# When CRC input is disabled, sentence is nearly complete
if not self.process_crc:
if len(self.gps_segments[self.active_segment]) == 2:
try:
final_crc = int(self.gps_segments[self.active_segment], 16)
if self.crc_xor == final_crc:
valid_sentence = True
else:
self.crc_fails += 1
except ValueError:
pass # CRC Value was deformed and could not have been correct
# Update CRC
if self.process_crc:
self.crc_xor ^= ascii_char
# If a Valid Sentence Was received and it's a supported sentence, then parse it!!
if valid_sentence:
self.clean_sentences += 1 # Increment clean sentences received
self.sentence_active = False # Clear Active Processing Flag
if self.gps_segments[0] in self.supported_sentences:
# parse the Sentence Based on the message type, return True if parse is clean
if self.supported_sentences[self.gps_segments[0]](self):
# Let host know that the GPS object was updated by returning parsed sentence type
self.parsed_sentences += 1
return self.gps_segments[0]
# Check that the sentence buffer isn't filling up with Garage waiting for the sentence to complete
if self.char_count > self.SENTENCE_LIMIT:
self.sentence_active = False
# Tell Host no new sentence was parsed
return None
def new_fix_time(self):
"""Updates a high resolution counter with current time when fix is updated. Currently only triggered from
GGA, GSA and RMC sentences"""
try:
self.fix_time = utime.ticks_ms()
except NameError:
self.fix_time = time.time()
#########################################
# User Helper Functions
# These functions make working with the GPS object data easier
#########################################
def satellite_data_updated(self):
"""
Checks if the all the GSV sentences in a group have been read, making satellite data complete
:return: boolean
"""
if self.total_sv_sentences > 0 and self.total_sv_sentences == self.last_sv_sentence:
return True
else:
return False
def unset_satellite_data_updated(self):
"""
Mark GSV sentences as read indicating the data has been used and future updates are fresh
"""
self.last_sv_sentence = 0
def satellites_visible(self):
"""
Returns a list of of the satellite PRNs currently visible to the receiver
:return: list
"""
return list(self.satellite_data.keys())
def time_since_fix(self):
"""Returns number of millisecond since the last sentence with a valid fix was parsed. Returns 0 if
no fix has been found"""
# Test if a Fix has been found
if self.fix_time == 0:
return -1
# Try calculating fix time using utime; if not running MicroPython
# time.time() returns a floating point value in secs
try:
current = utime.ticks_diff(utime.ticks_ms(), self.fix_time)
except NameError:
current = (time.time() - self.fix_time) * 1000 # ms
return current
def compass_direction(self):
"""
Determine a cardinal or inter-cardinal direction based on current course.
:return: string
"""
# Calculate the offset for a rotated compass
if self.course >= 348.75:
offset_course = 360 - self.course
else:
offset_course = self.course + 11.25
# Each compass point is separated by 22.5 degrees, divide to find lookup value
dir_index = floor(offset_course / 22.5)
final_dir = self.__DIRECTIONS[dir_index]
return final_dir
def latitude_string(self):
"""
Create a readable string of the current latitude data
:return: string
"""
if self.coord_format == 'dd':
formatted_latitude = self.latitude
lat_string = str(formatted_latitude[0]) + '° ' + str(self._latitude[2])
elif self.coord_format == 'dms':
formatted_latitude = self.latitude
lat_string = str(formatted_latitude[0]) + '° ' + str(formatted_latitude[1]) + "' " + str(formatted_latitude[2]) + '" ' + str(formatted_latitude[3])
else:
lat_string = str(self._latitude[0]) + '° ' + str(self._latitude[1]) + "' " + str(self._latitude[2])
return lat_string
def longitude_string(self):
"""
Create a readable string of the current longitude data
:return: string
"""
if self.coord_format == 'dd':
formatted_longitude = self.longitude
lon_string = str(formatted_longitude[0]) + '° ' + str(self._longitude[2])
elif self.coord_format == 'dms':
formatted_longitude = self.longitude
lon_string = str(formatted_longitude[0]) + '° ' + str(formatted_longitude[1]) + "' " + str(formatted_longitude[2]) + '" ' + str(formatted_longitude[3])
else:
lon_string = str(self._longitude[0]) + '° ' + str(self._longitude[1]) + "' " + str(self._longitude[2])
return lon_string
def speed_string(self, unit='kph'):
"""
Creates a readable string of the current speed data in one of three units
:param unit: string of 'kph','mph, or 'knot'
:return:
"""
if unit == 'mph':
speed_string = str(self.speed[1]) + ' mph'
elif unit == 'knot':
if self.speed[0] == 1:
unit_str = ' knot'
else:
unit_str = ' knots'
speed_string = str(self.speed[0]) + unit_str
else:
speed_string = str(self.speed[2]) + ' km/h'
return speed_string
def date_string(self, formatting='s_mdy', century='20'):
"""
Creates a readable string of the current date.
Can select between long format: Januray 1st, 2014
or two short formats:
11/01/2014 (MM/DD/YYYY)
01/11/2014 (DD/MM/YYYY)
:param formatting: string 's_mdy', 's_dmy', or 'long'
:param century: int delineating the century the GPS data is from (19 for 19XX, 20 for 20XX)
:return: date_string string with long or short format date
"""
# Long Format Januray 1st, 2014
if formatting == 'long':
# Retrieve Month string from private set
month = self.__MONTHS[self.date[1] - 1]
# Determine Date Suffix
if self.date[0] in (1, 21, 31):
suffix = 'st'
elif self.date[0] in (2, 22):
suffix = 'nd'
elif self.date[0] == (3, 23):
suffix = 'rd'
else:
suffix = 'th'
day = str(self.date[0]) + suffix # Create Day String
year = century + str(self.date[2]) # Create Year String
date_string = month + ' ' + day + ', ' + year # Put it all together
else:
# Add leading zeros to day string if necessary
if self.date[0] < 10:
day = '0' + str(self.date[0])
else:
day = str(self.date[0])
# Add leading zeros to month string if necessary
if self.date[1] < 10:
month = '0' + str(self.date[1])
else:
month = str(self.date[1])
# Add leading zeros to year string if necessary
if self.date[2] < 10:
year = '0' + str(self.date[2])
else:
year = str(self.date[2])
# Build final string based on desired formatting
if formatting == 's_dmy':
date_string = day + '/' + month + '/' + year
else: # Default date format
date_string = month + '/' + day + '/' + year
return date_string
# All the currently supported NMEA sentences
supported_sentences = {'GPRMC': gprmc, 'GLRMC': gprmc,
'GPGGA': gpgga, 'GLGGA': gpgga,
'GPVTG': gpvtg, 'GLVTG': gpvtg,
'GPGSA': gpgsa, 'GLGSA': gpgsa,
'GPGSV': gpgsv, 'GLGSV': gpgsv,
'GPGLL': gpgll, 'GLGLL': gpgll,
'GNGGA': gpgga, 'GNRMC': gprmc,
'GNVTG': gpvtg, 'GNGLL': gpgll,
'GNGSA': gpgsa,
}
if __name__ == "__main__":
pass
将其重命名为micropyGPS.py，保存到Raspberry Pi Pico W板卡里面
编写应用代码
from machine import UART, Pin
import time
import hashlib
from micropyGPS import MicropyGPS
# Display Image & text on I2C driven ssd1306 OLED display
from ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C
from machine import Pin, I2C
import framebuf
i2c1 = I2C(0, scl=Pin(9), sda=Pin(8), freq=400000)
oled = SSD1306_I2C(128,64,i2c1)
uart0 = UART(0, baudrate=9600, tx=Pin(0), rx=Pin(1))
time.sleep(0.1)
rxData = bytes()
my_gps = MicropyGPS()
while True:
if uart0.any():
stat = my_gps.update(uart0.read(1).decode('ascii')) # Note the conversion to to chr, UART outputs ints normally
if stat:
oled.fill(0)
lat_disp = my_gps.latitude_string()
oled.text(lat_disp,5,10)
lon_disp = my_gps.longitude_string()
oled.text(lon_disp,5,30)
time_disp = my_gps.date_string('s_dmy')
oled.text(time_disp,5,50)
oled.show()
print('Latitude:', my_gps.latitude_string())
print('Longitude:', my_gps.longitude_string())
print('Speed:', my_gps.speed_string('kph'), 'or', my_gps.speed_string('mph'), 'or', my_gps.speed_string('knot'))
print('Date (Long Format):', my_gps.date_string('long'))
print('Date (Short D/M/Y Format):', my_gps.date_string('s_dmy'))
print('timestamp (Short [H,M,S] Format):', my_gps.timestamp)
stat = None
效果
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提升卡
变色卡
千斤顶
1/10 
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