【Follow me第二季第3期】1入门任务：搭建环境，下载调试示例程序，Blink，按键

EPTmachine · 发表于2024-11-23 15:44

【Follow me第二季第3期】1入门任务：搭建环境，下载调试示例程序，Blink，按键 [复制链接]

<i class="pstatus"> 本帖最后由 EPTmachine 于 2024-11-3 15:50 编辑 </i>

# 入门任务：搭建环境，下载调试示例程序，Blink，按键
本次Follow Me活动的开发板是瑞萨的EK-RA6M5，在官网可以下载到如下的相关的资料。

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858229" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858229&handlekey=savephoto_858229">保存到相册</a>

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官方的《EK-RA6M5 Quick Start Guide.pdf》可以帮助开发者快速了解套件的内容和使用方法。

套件包含了以下的内容

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858230" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858230&handlekey=savephoto_858230">保存到相册</a>

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## 搭建调试环境
e2studio是瑞萨提供的集成开发环境，包含编译器、代码编辑器、工程管理工具、芯片支持包等。

首先在e2studio的[下载页面](https://www.renesas.cn/zh/software-tool/e-studio)选择和电脑系统匹配的安装包。

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<p><strong>e2studio下载页面.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(53.37 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858231" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858231&handlekey=savephoto_858231">保存到相册</a>

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下载后解压得到安装包，点击应用程序开始安装。

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858232" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858232&handlekey=savephoto_858232">保存到相册</a>

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在安装选项中选择RA系列支持和fsp版本即可。安装过程各个界面的选项如下。

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<p><strong>installer_type.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(35.41 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858233" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858233&handlekey=savephoto_858233">保存到相册</a>

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选择安装RA系列支持

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858234" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858234&handlekey=savephoto_858234">保存到相册</a>

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858235" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858235&handlekey=savephoto_858235">保存到相册</a>

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<p><strong>customise_feature.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(80.89 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858236" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858236&handlekey=savephoto_858236">保存到相册</a>

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858237" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858237&handlekey=savephoto_858237">保存到相册</a>

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858238" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858238&handlekey=savephoto_858238">保存到相册</a>

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858239" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858239&handlekey=savephoto_858239">保存到相册</a>

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858240" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858240&handlekey=savephoto_858240">保存到相册</a>

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点击install开始安装。

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858241" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858241&handlekey=savephoto_858241">保存到相册</a>

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858242" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858242&handlekey=savephoto_858242">保存到相册</a>

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安装完成后，就可以编辑和调试代码。

## 示例程序
针对EK-RA6M5，官方提供了丰富的示例代码和帮助文档。EK-RA6M5的产品页面提供了相应的资料和代码下载。

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858243" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858243&handlekey=savephoto_858243">保存到相册</a>

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将下载的代码压缩包解压后，其中的示例代码如下所示：

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858244" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858244&handlekey=savephoto_858244">保存到相册</a>

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通过菜单栏中的File->Import将工程导入到工作目录中

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858245" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858245&handlekey=savephoto_858245">保存到相册</a>

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选择导入存在的工程到工作空间中。

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858246" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858246&handlekey=savephoto_858246">保存到相册</a>

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选择工程所在的目录，在"Option"中勾选“Copy projects into workspace”将工程复制到工作空间中。

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<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858247" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858247&handlekey=savephoto_858247">保存到相册</a>

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导入后项目栏中可以看到相应的工程。

在工程的右键选项中选择“Build Project”，完成后即可下载程序。

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858248" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858248&handlekey=savephoto_858248">保存到相册</a>

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使用USB线连接电脑和开发板，点击调试按钮即可下载程序进行调试。

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<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858249" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858249&handlekey=savephoto_858249">保存到相册</a>

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## Blink程序
查看“EK-RA6M5 User's Manual.pdf”，板载三个LED灯的相关信息如下图。

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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858250" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858250&handlekey=savephoto_858250">保存到相册</a>

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在e2studio中创建EK-RA6M5的工程控制LED闪烁。

在菜单栏中选择"File->New->C/C++ Project"

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<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858251" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858251&handlekey=savephoto_858251">保存到相册</a>

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输入工程名

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<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858252" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858252&handlekey=savephoto_858252">保存到相册</a>

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选择对应的开发套件或者根据芯片型号进行工程创建

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<p><strong>Blink_创建工程3.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(46.38 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858253" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858253&handlekey=savephoto_858253">保存到相册</a>

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剩下的选择默认项即可

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<p><strong>Blink_创建工程4.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(28.31 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858254" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858254&handlekey=savephoto_858254">保存到相册</a>

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<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_858255_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
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<p><strong>Blink_创建工程5.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(29.26 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858255" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858255&handlekey=savephoto_858255">保存到相册</a>

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在开发瑞萨的RA系列芯片时，需要使用FSP配置工具对外设进行参数设置，在工程栏中点击“configuration.xml”即可打开FSP配置界面。

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<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_858256_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_858256" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=858256&handlekey=savephoto_858256">保存到相册</a>

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</div>

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在“FSP Configuration”界面中对硬件外设和软件组件包进行管理。

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_858257_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
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<p>
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查看下载资料"ek-ra6m5-v1-designpackage.zip"中的原理图可知，板上的LED的接线如图所示，控制引脚为P006、P007、P008。

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_858258_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
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</p>

</div>
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</ignore_js_op>

在FSP界面的Pins选项卡页面可以查看相关引脚的设置。

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_858259_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
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</p>

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</ignore_js_op>

在FSP界面的Stacks选项卡页面可以查看应用中涉及到的功能栈。Blink程序只涉及到引脚状态控制，使用r_ioport模块即可实现功能。

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_858260_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
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</p>

</div>
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</ignore_js_op>

点击右上角的"Generate Project Content"生成相关设置的配置代码。

生成的代码中，与配置相关的部分在文件夹ra_cfg中

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_858261_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
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</ignore_js_op>

接下来编写相关的应用的代码。由于FSP配置生成的代码中包含main函数，每次点击"Generate Project Content"生成代码时都会对main进行改写，所以用户无法直接编写main函数的代码，用户代码的
入口就变为，在不使用RTOS实时操作系统的前提下，在src文件夹下的hal_entry.c中的hal_entry函数为用户代码入口。

hal_entry.c添加实现Blink功能的代码如下：

``` c
#include "hal_data.h"

FSP_CPP_HEADER
void R_BSP_WarmStart(bsp_warm_start_event_t event);
FSP_CPP_FOOTER

extern bsp_leds_t g_bsp_leds;

/*******************************************************************************************************************//**
 * main() is generated by the RA Configuration editor and is used to generate threads if an RTOS is used.This function
 * is called by main() when no RTOS is used.
 **********************************************************************************************************************/
void hal_entry(void)
{
  /* TODO: add your own code here */

#if BSP_TZ_SECURE_BUILD
  /* Enter non-secure code */
  R_BSP_NonSecureEnter();
#endif

/* Define the units to be used with the software delay function */
  const bsp_delay_units_t bsp_delay_units = BSP_DELAY_UNITS_MILLISECONDS;

/* Set the blink frequency (must be <= bsp_delay_units */
  const uint32_t freq_in_hz = 2;

/* Calculate the delay in terms of bsp_delay_units */
  const uint32_t delay = bsp_delay_units / freq_in_hz;

/* LED type structure */
  bsp_leds_t leds = g_bsp_leds;

/* Holds level to set for pins */
  bsp_io_level_t pin_level = BSP_IO_LEVEL_LOW;

while (1)
  {
  /* Enable access to the PFS registers. If using r_ioport module then register protection is automatically
   * handled. This code uses BSP IO functions to show how it is used.
   */
  R_BSP_PinAccessEnable();

/* Update all board LEDs */
  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < leds.led_count; i++)
  {
    /* Get pin to toggle */
    uint32_t pin = leds.p_leds<i>;

/* Write to this pin */
    R_BSP_PinWrite((bsp_io_port_pin_t) pin, pin_level);
  }

/* Protect PFS registers */
  R_BSP_PinAccessDisable();

/* Toggle level for next write */
  if (BSP_IO_LEVEL_LOW == pin_level)
  {
    pin_level = BSP_IO_LEVEL_HIGH;
      }
  else
  {
    pin_level = BSP_IO_LEVEL_LOW;
       }

/* Delay */
  R_BSP_SoftwareDelay(delay, bsp_delay_units);
  }

}

```

## 按键程序
按键程序是GPIO引脚状态监视的应用，查看原理图可知，按键连接在P005(S1)和P004(S2)引脚上

<ignore_js_op>

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</ignore_js_op>

以P005引脚为例，配置其为相应外部中断，在FSP配置界面上进行如下设置。

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_858264_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
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</div>
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</ignore_js_op>

同时在Stack界面添加外部中断的组件，并命名中断处理的回调函数名，用于生成相应的底层代码。

参考示例代码中icu模块的例程，实现按键控制LED亮灭和闪烁频率的功能。

函数button_init、button_enable、button_deint用于管理按键中断模块的初始化、使能和关闭。由于FSP生成了相应的底层驱动，减少了用户的代码量。在中断回调函数中修改全局标记变量。相关代码如下：

button.h
```c
#ifndef BUTTON_H_
#define BUTTON_H_

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "hal_data.h"

#define USER_SW1_IRQ_NUMBER 0x0A
#define USER_SW2_IRQ_NUMBER 0x09

/* Function declaration */
fsp_err_t button_init(void);
fsp_err_t button_enable(void);
void button_deinit(void);

typedef enum blink_speed{
  slow_speed=1,
  normal_speed=2,
  high_speed=3
} blink_speed_t;

#endif

```
button.c
```c

#include "button.h"

/*******************************************************************************************************************//**
 * @addtogroup botton
 * @{
 **********************************************************************************************************************/

/* Boolean flag to determine switch is pressed or not.*/
volatile bool g_sw1_press = false;
volatile bool g_sw2_press = false;

/*******************************************************************************************************************//**
 * <a href="https://bbs.eeworld.com.cn/home.php?mod=space&uid=159083" target="_blank">@brief</a>   This functions initializes botton.
 * @param[IN] None
 * @retval  FSP_SUCCESS      Upon successful open of ICU module
 * @retval  Any Other Error code apart from FSP_SUCCESSUnsuccessful open
 **********************************************************************************************************************/
fsp_err_t button_init(void)
{
  fsp_err_t err = FSP_SUCCESS;

/* Open ICU module */
  err = R_ICU_ExternalIrqOpen(&g_external_irq9_ctrl, &g_external_irq9_cfg);
  err = R_ICU_ExternalIrqOpen(&g_external_irq10_ctrl, &g_external_irq10_cfg);

return err;
}

/*******************************************************************************************************************//**
 * @brief   This function enables external interrupt for specified channel.
 * @param[IN] None
 * @retval  FSP_SUCCESS      Upon successful enable of ICU module
 * @retval  Any Other Error code apart from FSP_SUCCESSUnsuccessful open
 **********************************************************************************************************************/
fsp_err_t button_enable(void)
{
  fsp_err_t err = FSP_SUCCESS;

/* Enable ICU module */
  err = R_ICU_ExternalIrqEnable(&g_external_irq9_ctrl);
  err = R_ICU_ExternalIrqEnable(&g_external_irq10_ctrl);

return err;
}

/*******************************************************************************************************************//**
 * @brief   This function closes opened ICU module before the project ends up in an Error Trap.
 * @param[IN] None
 * @retval  None
 **********************************************************************************************************************/
void button_deinit(void)
{
  fsp_err_t err = FSP_SUCCESS;

/* Close ICU module */
  err = R_ICU_ExternalIrqClose(&g_external_irq9_ctrl);
  err = R_ICU_ExternalIrqClose(&g_external_irq10_ctrl);
}

/*******************************************************************************************************************//**
 * @brief  User defined external irq callback.
 * @param[IN]p_args
 * @retval None
 **********************************************************************************************************************/
void button1_callback(external_irq_callback_args_t *p_args)
{
  /* Make sure it's the right interrupt*/
  if(USER_SW1_IRQ_NUMBER == p_args->channel)
  {
  g_sw1_press = true;
  }
}

void button2_callback(external_irq_callback_args_t *p_args)
{
  /* Make sure it's the right interrupt*/
  if(USER_SW2_IRQ_NUMBER == p_args->channel)
  {
  g_sw2_press = true;
  }
}

```

在hal_entry函数中，通过对全局变量`g_sw1_press`、`g_sw2_press`的状态进行判断，执行相应的处理逻辑，实现按键1控制LED1蓝灯，按键2控制LED2绿灯的闪烁频率。具体代码如下：
```c
#include "button.h"

/* Board's user LED */
extern bsp_leds_t g_bsp_leds;
/* Boolean flag to determine switch is pressed or not.*/
extern volatile bool g_sw1_press;
extern volatile bool g_sw2_press;

/*******************************************************************************************************************//**
 * main() is generated by the RA Configuration editor and is used to generate threads if an RTOS is used.This function
 * is called by main() when no RTOS is used.
 **********************************************************************************************************************/
void hal_entry(void)
{
  /* TODO: add your own code here */

#if BSP_TZ_SECURE_BUILD
  /* Enter non-secure code */
  R_BSP_NonSecureEnter();
#endif

fsp_err_t err         = FSP_SUCCESS;
  blink_speed_t feq_level= slow_speed;

/* Define the units to be used with the software delay function */
  const bsp_delay_units_t bsp_delay_units = BSP_DELAY_UNITS_MILLISECONDS;

/* the blink frequency,high 5h=Hz,normal 2Hz,slow 1Hz , (must be <= bsp_delay_units */
  uint32_t freq_in_hz = 2;

/* Calculate the delay in terms of bsp_delay_units */
  uint32_t delay = bsp_delay_units / freq_in_hz;

/* LED type structure */
  bsp_leds_t leds = g_bsp_leds;

/* Holds level to set for pins */
  bsp_io_level_t led1_level = BSP_IO_LEVEL_LOW;
  bsp_io_level_t led2_level = BSP_IO_LEVEL_LOW;

/* Initialize button driver*/
  err = button_init();

/* Enable button driver*/
  err = button_enable();
  /* Handle error */
  if(FSP_SUCCESS != err)
  {
  /* Close button module.*/
  button_deinit();

}

while (1)
  {
  /* Toggle user LED1when user button1 is pressed*/
  if(true == g_sw1_press)
  {
    /* Clear user button1 flag */
    g_sw1_press = false;

/* Read user LEDpin */
    err = R_IOPORT_PinRead(&g_ioport_ctrl, (bsp_io_port_pin_t)leds.p_leds[0], &led1_level);
    /* Handle error */
    if (FSP_SUCCESS != err)
    {
      /* Close External IRQ module.*/
      button_deinit();
    }

/* Reverse LED pin state*/
    led1_level ^= BSP_IO_LEVEL_HIGH;

/* Toggle user LED */
    err = R_IOPORT_PinWrite(&g_ioport_ctrl, (bsp_io_port_pin_t)leds.p_leds[0], led1_level);

/* Handle error */
    if (FSP_SUCCESS != err)
    {
      /* Close External IRQ module.*/
      button_deinit();
    }
  }
  /* Change user LED2 blink feqwhen user button2 is pressed*/
  if(true == g_sw2_press)
  {
    /* Clear user button2 flag */
    g_sw2_press = false;

switch(feq_level)
    {
      case slow_speed:
      feq_level=normal_speed;
      freq_in_hz=1;
      break;
      case normal_speed:
      feq_level=high_speed;
      freq_in_hz=2;
      break;
      case high_speed:
      feq_level=slow_speed;
      freq_in_hz=5;
      break;
    }
    delay = bsp_delay_units / freq_in_hz;

}

err = R_IOPORT_PinWrite(&g_ioport_ctrl, (bsp_io_port_pin_t)leds.p_leds[1], led2_level);
  /* Toggle level for next write */
  if (BSP_IO_LEVEL_LOW == led2_level)
  {
    led2_level = BSP_IO_LEVEL_HIGH;
      }
  else
  {
    led2_level = BSP_IO_LEVEL_LOW;
       }
  /* Delay */
  R_BSP_SoftwareDelay(delay, bsp_delay_units);
  }

}

```

## 总结
瑞萨的开发环境搭建很方便，提供的FSP工具可以快速的配置外设和模块，并生成底层代码，减少了用户编辑代码的工作量。对EK-RA6M5，瑞萨制作了相应的bsp支持包，用户在熟悉其代码后，可以快速搭建自身的应用并测试。