【Follow me第二季第2期】+ 进阶任务：通过Wi-Fi，利用MQTT协议接入HA

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【Follow me第二季第2期】+ 进阶任务：通过Wi-Fi，利用MQTT协议接入HA [复制链接]

本帖最后由御坂10032号于 2024-9-8 18:39 编辑

前言

在前两章我们已经学习到了如何基础的使用R4，那么本章节我们将学习一下如何使用R4的 Wifi功能将R4接入HA

正文

在我们开始之前我希望你已经在部署好了以下服务（无论本地或者云端）。

1- HomeAssistant

2- MQTT服务

我的这两个服务是跑的本地的一块99元的香橙派上的，如下是容器示例

通过8123端口我们可以正确的访问到HomeAssistant的管理端

同时进行MQTT连接测试

前置工作已经准备好了，那么现在我们就可以开始我们的任务了。那么这个任务一共分为以下两点

1- 连接WIFI

2- 连接MQTT并且发送消息

对于WIFI的连接比较简单，我们可以参考S3的wifi连接示例，如下所示

我们仅仅需要的是代码中的 ssid 和 pass (我这里尝试连接5G的信号失败，正常的2.4G没问题)

代码如下所示

#include <WiFiS3.h>

char ssid[] = "ImmortalWrt";        
char pass[] = "mazha1997";  
int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;   


void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial) {

  }

  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  if (fv < WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION) {
    Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
  }

  // attempt to connect to WiFi network:
  while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to WPA SSID: ");
    Serial.println(ssid);
    // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network:
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

    // wait 10 seconds for connection:
    delay(10000);
  }

  Serial.print("You're connected to the network");
  printCurrentNet();
  printWifiData();


}


void printCurrentNet() {
  // print the SSID of the network you're attached to:
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());

  // print the MAC address of the router you're attached to:
  byte bssid[6];
  WiFi.BSSID(bssid);
  Serial.print("BSSID: ");
  printMacAddress(bssid);

  // print the received signal strength:
  long rssi = WiFi.RSSI();
  Serial.print("signal strength (RSSI):");
  Serial.println(rssi);

  // print the encryption type:
  byte encryption = WiFi.encryptionType();
  Serial.print("Encryption Type:");
  Serial.println(encryption, HEX);
  Serial.println();
}

void printMacAddress(byte mac[]) {
  for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
    if (i > 0) {
      Serial.print(":");
    }
    if (mac[i] < 16) {
      Serial.print("0");
    }
    Serial.print(mac[i], HEX);
  }
  Serial.println();
}

void printWifiData() {
  // print your board's IP address:
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  
  Serial.println(ip);

  // print your MAC address:
  byte mac[6];
  WiFi.macAddress(mac);
  Serial.print("MAC address: ");
  printMacAddress(mac);
}



void loop() {

}

我们将代码烧录到开发板之后呢，打开串口助手便可以看到正确的控制台输出

现在我们便开始处理我们的第二个任务，使用MQTT连接到HA（也就是MQTT服务器，使其HA中集成的MQTT自动发现我们的配置服务）。

参考Arduino的官方文档，我们得知，可以使用ArduinoMqttClient的库来连接MQTT。我们在上述的代码上稍作修改。

#include <ArduinoMqttClient.h>
#include <WiFiS3.h>
#include <WiFiClient.h>

char ssid[] = "ImmortalWrt";        
char pass[] = "mazha1997";  
int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;   

const char broker[] = "192.168.1.113";
int        port     = 1883;
const char topic[]  = "/aht10/test";

WiFiClient wifiClient;
MqttClient mqttClient(wifiClient);

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial) {

  }

  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  if (fv < WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION) {
    Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
  }

  // attempt to connect to WiFi network:
  while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to WPA SSID: ");
    Serial.println(ssid);
    // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network:
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

    // wait 10 seconds for connection:
    delay(10000);
  }

  Serial.print("You're connected to the network");
  printCurrentNet();
  printWifiData();
  if (!mqttClient.connect(broker, port)) {
    Serial.print("MQTT connection failed! Error code = ");
    Serial.println(mqttClient.connectError());
    while (1);
  }
  Serial.println("You are connected to MQTT");

}


void printCurrentNet() {
  // print the SSID of the network you're attached to:
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());

  // print the MAC address of the router you're attached to:
  byte bssid[6];
  WiFi.BSSID(bssid);
  Serial.print("BSSID: ");
  printMacAddress(bssid);

  // print the received signal strength:
  long rssi = WiFi.RSSI();
  Serial.print("signal strength (RSSI):");
  Serial.println(rssi);

  // print the encryption type:
  byte encryption = WiFi.encryptionType();
  Serial.print("Encryption Type:");
  Serial.println(encryption, HEX);
  Serial.println();
}

void printMacAddress(byte mac[]) {
  for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
    if (i > 0) {
      Serial.print(":");
    }
    if (mac[i] < 16) {
      Serial.print("0");
    }
    Serial.print(mac[i], HEX);
  }
  Serial.println();
}

void printWifiData() {
  // print your board's IP address:
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  
  Serial.println(ip);
  // print your MAC address:
  byte mac[6];
  WiFi.macAddress(mac);
  Serial.print("MAC address: ");
  printMacAddress(mac);
}



void loop() {
    mqttClient.beginMessage(topic);
    mqttClient.print("Hello EEworld and Digikey!");
    mqttClient.endMessage();
    delay(500);
}

将程序烧录到开发板上后，我们打开MQTTX，查看我们MQTT的目标主题.

此时我们已经可以正确的接收来自Arduino发送的消息。接下来我们要做的就是解析数据，使其HA可以根据MQTT的格式自动识别为HA中的实体。根据HA的官方文档我们得知，可以分为自动发现或者配置configuration.yml. 我这里选择是后者。同时配置了一个灯（Switch）

根据上述配置文件得知，我们可以往两个主题内发送消息，从而控制HA的中实体的状态

1- home/bedroom/switch1 状态主题

2- home/bedroom/switch1/set 命令主题

当我们想要关闭灯的时候，只需要向命令主题中发送OFF即可，如果想要开灯则发送ON. 但是尽管它已经可以正常的控制灯的开关。但是HA中实体的状态并不会发生变化。如果想要实体的状态也发送变化的话，则需要向状态主题中也发送一个OFF

我们简单的修改一下代码，使其每秒切换灯的状态。

#include <ArduinoMqttClient.h>
#include <WiFiS3.h>
#include <WiFiClient.h>

char ssid[] = "ImmortalWrt";        
char pass[] = "mazha1997";  
int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS;   

const char broker[] = "192.168.1.113";
int        port     = 1883;
const char command_topic[]  = "home/bedroom/switch1/set";
const char state_topic[]  = "home/bedroom/switch1";

WiFiClient wifiClient;
MqttClient mqttClient(wifiClient);

bool index = true;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial) {

  }

  if (WiFi.status() == WL_NO_MODULE) {
    Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!");
    // don't continue
    while (true);
  }

  String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion();
  if (fv < WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION) {
    Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware");
  }

  // attempt to connect to WiFi network:
  while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print("Attempting to connect to WPA SSID: ");
    Serial.println(ssid);
    // Connect to WPA/WPA2 network:
    status = WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

    // wait 10 seconds for connection:
    delay(10000);
  }

  Serial.print("You're connected to the network");
  printCurrentNet();
  printWifiData();
  if (!mqttClient.connect(broker, port)) {
    Serial.print("MQTT connection failed! Error code = ");
    Serial.println(mqttClient.connectError());
    while (1);
  }
  Serial.println("You are connected to MQTT");

}


void printCurrentNet() {
  // print the SSID of the network you're attached to:
  Serial.print("SSID: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.SSID());

  // print the MAC address of the router you're attached to:
  byte bssid[6];
  WiFi.BSSID(bssid);
  Serial.print("BSSID: ");
  printMacAddress(bssid);

  // print the received signal strength:
  long rssi = WiFi.RSSI();
  Serial.print("signal strength (RSSI):");
  Serial.println(rssi);

  // print the encryption type:
  byte encryption = WiFi.encryptionType();
  Serial.print("Encryption Type:");
  Serial.println(encryption, HEX);
  Serial.println();
}

void printMacAddress(byte mac[]) {
  for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
    if (i > 0) {
      Serial.print(":");
    }
    if (mac[i] < 16) {
      Serial.print("0");
    }
    Serial.print(mac[i], HEX);
  }
  Serial.println();
}

void printWifiData() {
  // print your board's IP address:
  IPAddress ip = WiFi.localIP();
  Serial.print("IP Address: ");
  
  Serial.println(ip);
  // print your MAC address:
  byte mac[6];
  WiFi.macAddress(mac);
  Serial.print("MAC address: ");
  printMacAddress(mac);
}



void loop() {
  if(index)
  {
    mqttClient.beginMessage(command_topic);
    mqttClient.print("ON");
    mqttClient.endMessage();
    mqttClient.beginMessage(state_topic);
    mqttClient.print("ON");
    mqttClient.endMessage();
  }else {
    mqttClient.beginMessage(command_topic);
    mqttClient.print("OFF");
    mqttClient.endMessage();
    mqttClient.beginMessage(state_topic);
    mqttClient.print("OFF");
    mqttClient.endMessage();
  }
  index = !index;
  delay(1000);

}

实验现象如下：

9月8日

代码如下：

wifi.ino (2.9 KB, 下载次数: 3)

【Follow me第二季第2期】+ 进阶任务 ：通过Wi-Fi，利用MQTT协议接入HA [复制链接]

【Follow me第二季第2期】+ 进阶任务：通过Wi-Fi，利用MQTT协议接入HA [复制链接]