【Follow me第二季第1期】任务汇总—炫酷圆彩灯

Henry-0755

【Follow me第二季第1期】任务汇总—炫酷圆彩灯 [复制链接]

<i class="pstatus"> 本帖最后由 Henry-0755 于 2024-10-9 21:42 编辑 </i>

Follow Me第二季 第一期

## Follow me 第二季第1期任务

简单介绍：

本次活动使用[Adafruit Circuit Playground Express](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/3333/7310913)，板卡支持的开发环境多样，支持MakeCode平台、CircuitPython、Arduino

之前使用CircuitPython比较多，接下来的任务都将以这个平台展开。

购买的物料清单：

| 购买清单       |                    |                 |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------- |
| CIRCUIT PLAYGROUND EXPRESS | [购买链接](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/3333/7310913)
<ignore_js_op>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_850137" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=850137&handlekey=savephoto_850137">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>
 | [官网链接](https://www.adafruit.com/product/3333) |
| ADDRESS LED RING SERIAL RGBW | [购买链接](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/3333/7310913)
<ignore_js_op>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_850133" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=850133&handlekey=savephoto_850133">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>
 | [官网链接](https://www.adafruit.com/product/2855) |

板卡板载非常多的sensor

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_837735_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>circuit_playground_express-labeled.jpg</strong> <em class="xg1">(145 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_837735" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=837735&handlekey=savephoto_837735">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

无论是红外，光照传感器还是温度传感器以及麦克风，都与LED灯非常搭配，就是各种点灯。

**任务完成效果请看VCR~**

[任务视频链接](https://training.eeworld.com.cn/video/40820)

**入门任务（必做）：**开发环境搭建，板载LED点亮

```python
import time
import board
import digitalio

led = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.LED)
led.switch_to_output()
while True:
  led.value = True
  time.sleep(1)
  led.value = False
  time.sleep(1)
```

**基础任务一（必做）：**控制板载炫彩LED，跑马灯点亮和颜色变换

网上找到好几个非常优秀的灯效控制开源项目，circuitpython适用的是这个

[Adafruit_CircuitPython_LED_Animation](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_LED_Animation)

有很多的灯效，跑马灯，彩虹跑马灯，sparkle，多灯效组合等等，然而很可惜运行了下，发现很多demo都无法跑起来，仅import库就已经超出内存范围了。[ATSAMD21G18](https://www.microchip.com/en-us/product/ATSAMD21G18)仅板载32k sram，用code.py脚本一运行就大概仅剩16048bytes了，进命令行还能省点内存。

效果：

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_850139_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241009211922765.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(442.22 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_850139" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=850139&handlekey=savephoto_850139">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

```python
Auto-reload is on. Simply save files over USB to run them or enter REPL to disable.
code.py output:
16048

Code done running.

Press any key to enter the REPL. Use CTRL-D to reload.

Adafruit CircuitPython 9.1.1 on 2024-07-22; Adafruit CircuitPlayground Express with samd21g18
>>> import gc
>>> gc.collect()
>>> print(gc.mem_free())
16624
>>>
>>>

```

只能简单的控制灯效，在命令行运行

```python
from adafruit_led_animation.animation.customcolorchase import CustomColorChase

import neopixel
from board import *

# Update to match the number of NeoPixels you have connected
pixel_num = 10

pixels = neopixel.NeoPixel(NEOPIXEL, pixel_num, brightness=0.05, auto_write=False)

custom_color_chase_rainbow = CustomColorChase(pixels, speed=0.1, size=2, spacing=3)

while True:
  custom_color_chase_rainbow.animate()

```

额外购买的灯圈模块一起亮

```python
from adafruit_led_animation.animation.customcolorchase import CustomColorChase

import neopixel
from board import *

pixels_ex = neopixel.NeoPixel(A2, 16, brightness=0.05, auto_write=False, pixel_order=neopixel.RGBW)
pixels_in = neopixel.NeoPixel(NEOPIXEL, 10, brightness=0.05, auto_write=False)

custom_color_chase_rainbow_ex = CustomColorChase(pixels_ex, speed=0.1, size=2, spacing=3)
custom_color_chase_rainbow_in = CustomColorChase(pixels_in, speed=0.1, size=2, spacing=3)

while True:
  custom_color_chase_rainbow_ex.animate()
  custom_color_chase_rainbow_in.animate()

```

**基础任务二（必做）：**监测环境温度和光线，通过板载LED展示舒适程度

温度、光线

通过手指头的温度来让开发板升温

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_850138_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241009211428516.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(476.15 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_850138" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=850138&handlekey=savephoto_850138">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

[Playground Light Sensor](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-circuit-playground-express/playground-light-sensor)

[Playground Temperature](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-circuit-playground-express/playground-temperature)

将官网的这两个结合并修改，通过slide switch切换温度检测还是光线检测

```python
import time

import adafruit_thermistor
import neopixel
import simpleio
import analogio
import digitalio
import time
import board

pixels = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.NEOPIXEL, 10, brightness=.05, auto_write=False)
pixels.fill((0, 0, 0))
pixels.show()

thermistor = adafruit_thermistor.Thermistor(
  board.TEMPERATURE, 10000, 10000, 25, 3950)

light = analogio.AnalogIn(board.LIGHT)

switch = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.SLIDE_SWITCH)
switch.switch_to_input(pull=digitalio.Pull.UP)
while True:
  if switch.value:
  temp_c = thermistor.temperature
  temp_f = thermistor.temperature * 9 / 5 + 32
  print("Temperature is: %f C and %f F" % (temp_c, temp_f))

peak = simpleio.map_range(temp_c, 26, 32, 0, 9)
  
  for i in range(0, 9, 1):
    if i <= peak:
      pixels<i> = (255, 0, 0)
    else:
      pixels<i> = (0, 0, 0)
  pixels.show()

time.sleep(0.25)
  else :
  # light value remapped to pixel position
  peak = simpleio.map_range(light.value, 2000, 62000, 0, 9)
  print(light.value)
  print(int(peak))

for i in range(0, 9, 1):
    if i <= peak:
      pixels<i> = (0, 255, 0)
    else:
      pixels<i> = (0, 0, 0)
  pixels.show()

time.sleep(0.01)
```

**基础任务三（必做）：**接近检测——设定安全距离并通过板载LED展示，检测到入侵时，发起声音报警

```python
import board
import digitalio
import audiocore
import audioio
import neopixel
import simpleio
import analogio
import time
import adafruit_thermistor

pixels = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.NEOPIXEL, 10, brightness=.05, auto_write=False)
pixels.fill((0, 0, 0))
pixels.show()

thermistor = adafruit_thermistor.Thermistor(
  board.TEMPERATURE, 10000, 10000, 25, 3950)

light = analogio.AnalogIn(board.LIGHT)

speaker_enable = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.SPEAKER_ENABLE)
speaker_enable.switch_to_output(value=True)
a = audioio.AudioOut(board.SPEAKER)

while True:
  # light value remapped to pixel position
  peak = simpleio.map_range(light.value, 5000, 1000, 0, 9)
  print(light.value)

for i in range(0, 9, 1):
  if i <= peak:
    pixels<i> = (0, 255, 0)
  else:
    pixels<i> = (0, 0, 0)
  pixels.show()

# Required for CircuitPlayground Express
  try:
  data = open("audiocheck.net_sin_" + str(int(peak) + 3) + "00Hz_-3dBFS_0.1s.wav", "rb")
  wav = audiocore.WaveFile(data)
  a.play(wav)
  while a.playing:
    pass
  except OSError as exc:
  pass

time.sleep(0.01)
```
比较尴尬的是，之前打算用IR红外来测距，虽然一开始参考别人的调好了，但后来自己测试测试测试，把红外发送给烧了，导致一直只能读到2000左右的接受数据，没办法才改用上面的亮度传感器，以下应该是能用的红外测距~谨慎参考，谨慎操作！

```python
import analogio
import digitalio
import simpleio
import board
import time
import array
import math
import neopixel

from audiocore import RawSample
from audioio import AudioOut

for n in range(10):
  FREQUENCY = 440 + n * 100# 440 Hz middle 'A'
  SAMPLERATE = 8000# 8000 samples/second, recommended!
  length = SAMPLERATE // FREQUENCY
  sine_wave = array.array(array.array("H", [0] * length), 10)
  for i in range(length):
  sine_wave[n]<i> = int(math.sin(math.pi * 2 * i / length) * (2 ** 15) + 2 ** 15)

pixels = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.NEOPIXEL, 10, brightness=.05, auto_write=False)
pixels.fill((0, 0, 0))
pixels.show()

ir_tx = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.IR_TX)
ir_tx.switch_to_output()
ir_rxp = analogio.AnalogIn(board.IR_PROXIMITY)

# Enable the speaker
speaker_enable = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.SPEAKER_ENABLE)
speaker_enable.direction = digitalio.Direction.OUTPUT
speaker_enable.value = True

audio = AudioOut(board.SPEAKER)

sine_wave_sample = RawSample(sine_wave[0])

while True:
  ir_tx.value = 1
  time.sleep(0.01)
  ir_tx.value = 0
  time.sleep(0.3)
  sensor = ir_rxp.value
  print(sensor)
  peak = simpleio.map_range(sensor, 24000, 32000, 0, 9)

for i in range(0, 9, 1):
  if i <= peak:
    pixels<i> = (255, 0, 0)
  else:
    pixels<i> = (0, 0, 0)
  pixels.show()
  if sensor > 31000:
  audio.play(sine_wave_sample, loop=True)
  time.sleep(1)
  else:
  audio.stop()
  time.sleep(0.1)
```

**进阶任务（必做）：**制作不倒翁——展示不倒翁运动过程中的不同灯光效果

、不倒翁（自选搭配，例如扭蛋）

不倒翁利用的不同灯光效果用的是板载的运动传感器Motion Sensor

倾斜，灯亮：

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_850140_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241009211952444.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(374.96 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_850140" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=850140&handlekey=savephoto_850140">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

已经封装好了xyz三轴加速度与角度，通过acceleration即可拿到这个三元组

```python
from adafruit_circuitplayground import cp
import simpleio

while True:
  R = 0
  G = 0
  B = 0
  x, y, z = cp.acceleration
  # print((x, y, z))
  
  peak = simpleio.map_range(x, -9, 9, -5, 5)

for i in range(0, 5, 1):
  if i < abs(peak):
    if (peak < 0):
      cp.pixels[4 - i] = ((R + abs(int(x))), (G + abs(int(y))), (B + abs(int(z))))
    else :
      cp.pixels[5 + i] = ((R + abs(int(x))), (G + abs(int(y))), (B + abs(int(z))))
  else:
    if (peak < 0):
      cp.pixels[4 - i] = (0)
    else:
      cp.pixels[5 + i] = (0)
```

感觉这里代码有点丑陋，对python语法不甚熟悉，印象中有批量赋值的操作，[:]之类的，评论区小伙伴有知道的不。
左右倾斜90度x为-9到9，映射到这十个灯珠，灯珠会随着倾斜角度改变。也就是随这不倒翁的摇摆，灯珠也跟着摇摆。

让额外购买的光圈一起亮：

```python
from adafruit_circuitplayground import cp
import simpleio
import board
import neopixel

pixels = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.A2, 16, brightness=.05, pixel_order=neopixel.GRBW)

while True:
  R = 0
  G = 0
  B = 0
  x, y, z = cp.acceleration
  # print((x, y, z))

peak = simpleio.map_range(x, -9, 9, -5, 5)
  for i in range(0, 5, 1):
  if i < abs(peak):
    if (peak < 0):
      cp.pixels[4 - i] = ((R + abs(int(x))), (G + abs(int(y))), (B + abs(int(z))))
    else:
      cp.pixels[5 + i] = ((R + abs(int(x))), (G + abs(int(y))), (B + abs(int(z))))
  else:
    cp.pixels[4 - i] = (0)
    cp.pixels[5 + i] = (0)
      
  peak = simpleio.map_range(x, -9, 9, -8, 8)
  for i in range(0, 8, 1):
  print(abs(peak))
  if i < abs(peak):
    if peak < 0:
      pixels[15 - i] = ((R + abs(int(x))), (G + abs(int(y))), (B + abs(int(z))), 255)
    else:
      pixels<i> = ((R + abs(int(x))), (G + abs(int(y))), (B + abs(int(z))), 255)
  else:
    pixels[15 - i] = (0)
    pixels<i> = (0)
```

**创意任务二：**章鱼哥——章鱼哥的触角根据环境声音的大小，章鱼哥的触角可舒展或者收缩

没有制作章鱼哥，但根据声音大小来控制灯光倒是简单做到，这里也把购买的灯圈一起用上，效果非常炫酷，用来当个桌面拾音灯很好。

参考官网教程[Playground Sound Meter | Adafruit Circuit Playground Express | Adafruit Learning System](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-circuit-playground-express/playground-sound-meter)

```python
import array
import math
import audiobusio
import board
import neopixel
import time

# Color of the peak pixel.
PEAK_COLOR = (100, 0, 255)

# Exponential scaling factor.
# Should probably be in range -10 .. 10 to be reasonable.
CURVE = 2
SCALE_EXPONENT = math.pow(10, CURVE * -0.1)

# Number of samples to read at once.
NUM_SAMPLES = 160

# Restrict value to be between floor and ceiling.
def constrain(value, floor, ceiling):
  return max(floor, min(value, ceiling))

# Scale input_value between output_min and output_max, exponentially.
def log_scale(input_value, input_min, input_max, output_min, output_max):
  normalized_input_value = (input_value - input_min) / \
         (input_max - input_min)
  return output_min + \
  math.pow(normalized_input_value, SCALE_EXPONENT) \
  * (output_max - output_min)

# Remove DC bias before computing RMS.
def normalized_rms(values):
  minbuf = int(mean(values))
  samples_sum = sum(
  float(sample - minbuf) * (sample - minbuf)
  for sample in values
  )

return math.sqrt(samples_sum / len(values))

def mean(values):
  return sum(values) / len(values)

def volume_color(volume, num):
  return 200, volume * (255 // num), 0

pixels = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.NEOPIXEL, 10, brightness=0.1, auto_write=False)
pixels.fill(0)
pixels.show()

pixels_ex = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.A2, 16, brightness=0.1, auto_write=False, pixel_order=neopixel.GRBW)
pixels_ex.fill(0)
pixels_ex.show()

mic = audiobusio.PDMIn(board.MICROPHONE_CLOCK, board.MICROPHONE_DATA,
       sample_rate=16000, bit_depth=16)

samples = array.array('H', [0] * NUM_SAMPLES)
mic.record(samples, len(samples))
input_floor = normalized_rms(samples) + 10
print(input_floor)

input_ceiling = input_floor + 500

peak = 0
peak_ex = 0
while True:
  mic.record(samples, len(samples))
  magnitude = normalized_rms(samples)

c = log_scale(constrain(magnitude, input_floor, input_ceiling),
      input_floor, input_ceiling, 0, 10)
  c_ex = log_scale(constrain(magnitude, input_floor, input_ceiling),
      input_floor, input_ceiling, 0, 16)

pixels.fill(0)
  pixels_ex.fill(0)
  for i in range(10):
  if i < c:
    pixels<i> = volume_color(i, 10)
  if c >= peak:
    peak = min(c, 10 - 1)
  elif peak > 0:
    peak = peak - 1
  if peak > 0:
    pixels[int(peak)] = PEAK_COLOR
  for i in range(16):
  if i < c_ex:
    pixels_ex<i> = volume_color(i, 16)
  if c_ex >= peak_ex:
    peak_ex = min(c_ex, 16 - 1)
  elif peak_ex > 0:
    peak_ex = peak_ex - 1
  if peak_ex > 0:
    pixels_ex[int(peak_ex)] = PEAK_COLOR
  pixels.show()
  pixels_ex.show()
  time.sleep(0.01)

```

**最后再简单介绍下买的拓展模块**

** 设计思路 **

同样来自adafruit的16灯珠，丝印表明了5v供电 GND，DIN，DOUT，GND，我连接到了对应的PIN，DOUT接到D2，通过neopixel很方便的就配置上了
再通过热熔胶把它固定再背板上，如图：

<ignore_js_op>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_850143" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=850143&handlekey=savephoto_850143">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

一开始颜色不对，明明16个灯珠却要填21个才能全亮

后来找库介绍才发现要写RGB的order

```
This example demonstrates using a single NeoPixel tied to a GPIO pin and with a pixel_order to specify the color channel order. Note that bpp does not need to be specified as it is computed from the supplied pixel_order.

import board
import neopixel

pixel = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.D0, 1, pixel_order=neopixel.RGBW)
pixel[0] = (30, 0, 20, 10)
```

这里需要填的模式是RGBW，因为之前忽略了W，所以少了1/3的灯珠颜色。

效果很好，亮度超高：

<ignore_js_op>

<div class="tip tip_4 aimg_tip" id="aimg_850141_menu" style="position: absolute; display: none" disautofocus="true">
<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>image-20241009212008219.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(380.79 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
<p>
<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_850141" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=850141&handlekey=savephoto_850141">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

官网链接在：[NeoPixel Ring - 16 x 5050 RGB LED with Integrated Drivers : ID 1463 : Adafruit Industries, Unique & fun DIY electronics and kits](https://www.adafruit.com/product/1463)

5v的供电非常的亮，之后拿来做屏幕炫彩背光应当很不错。

** 活动总结 **

这次的开发板选的很好玩，多样的传感器，花样电灯，开发平台也很丰富，还带小朋友玩了下MakeCode，也很有意思。已经多次参加了，也有推荐给身边的朋友一起参加，非常好的活动~

** 代码 **

https://download.eeworld.com.cn/detail/Henry-0755/634563

【Follow me第二季第1期】任务汇总—炫酷圆彩灯 [复制链接]

浏览过的版块