【Follow me第二季第1期】任务汇总+简单创意:摇摇乐

alanlan86

【Follow me第二季第1期】任务汇总+简单创意:摇摇乐 [复制链接]

<i class="pstatus"> 本帖最后由 alanlan86 于 2024-8-27 17:44 编辑 </i>

# 简介视频
<div id="player_7a65733650be79a13903c799a98ddb250" class="localvideo-box"></div><div class="localvideo-title">FollomeQ21</div><br/>

[Follow Me 第二季第1期 创意任务演示](https://training.eeworld.com.cn/course/68609/learn?preview=1#lesson/40792 "Follow Me 第二季第1期 创意任务演示")

# 任务实现
## 入门任务
- CirrutPython：开发环境搭建，板载LED点亮

### （1）硬件介绍
本次活动的硬件主角是：
![](https://www.eeworld.com.cn/huodong/digikey_follow_me_2024/image/circuit_playground_cpx03.jpg)

初步了解一下这个板子的主控和周边外设：
![](https://www.eeworld.com.cn/huodong/digikey_follow_me_2024/image/circuit_playground_wgzst1.jpg)

搭建环境，我用到MicroUSB接口和对应的USB数据线。
**【重要提醒】：如果在PC电脑端连接了USB Hub导致CiruitPython识别不正常时，请采用USB线直连方式！**
我的笔记本电脑一开始就出现这种情况。

### （2）CiruitPython固件&代码编辑软件
整个搭建环境的过程可以参考：
[CiruitPython环境搭建，官方参考流程](https://learn.adafruit.com/welcome-to-circuitpython "CiruitPython环境搭建，官方参考流程")

板子固件下载：[CP固件下载](https://circuitpython.org/downloads "CP固件下载")
![](https://circuitpython.org/assets/images/boards/small/circuitplayground_express.jpg)

将下载的UF2文件，拖入CiruitPyhton在电脑端识别的盘符，即可完成固件的更新及下载。

我选择的代码编辑工具是沿用此前几次比赛在用的，MU Editor

![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/105/677/medium640/circuitpython_WtCP_codewithdotmu_main_page.png?1634749167)

### （3）软件代码

- 输入简单LED灯闪烁控制代码，如下。

```python
import board
import digitalio
import time

led = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.LED)
led.direction = digitalio.Direction.OUTPUT

while True:
    led.value = True
    time.sleep(0.5)
    led.value = False
    time.sleep(0.5)
```

### （4）演示

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<div class="xs0">
<p><strong>task1_led_blink.png</strong> <em class="xg1">(71.44 KB, 下载次数: 0)</em></p>
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<a href="javascript:;" class="loginf" >下载附件</a>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_833717" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=833717&handlekey=savephoto_833717">保存到相册</a>

</p>

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- 视频效果：
<div id="player_5e0f2d81c62df98c5720a1ff357e2c441" class="localvideo-box"></div><div class="localvideo-title">开发环境安装</div><br/>

## 基础任务一
- 控制板载炫彩LED，跑马灯点亮和颜色变换

### 原理

- 板载幻彩灯：
![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/047/165/medium640/circuit_playground_neopix.jpg?1507830139)

- 参考WS2812的资料：[参考WS2812博文](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/db654c3e11510abcd6dfcfffe97da35b.png "参考WS2812博文")
- 对于单总线控制幻彩灯，最关键就是发送准确的时序到逐个灯珠。
- 针对此CiruitPython进行编程的好处，就是可以调用写好的库：neopixel和rainbowio，使得整个控制效率大大提高。

### 硬件
- 板子10颗幻彩灯珠，采用单总线方式串联连接，主控通过发送控制时序，即可逐个点亮或全点亮，或控制颜色变化。

### 软件
演示任务的源代码：
```python
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2017 John Edgar Park for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

# Circuit Playground NeoPixel
import time
import board
from rainbowio import colorwheel
import neopixel

# 配置WS2812的控制脚及亮度
pixels = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.NEOPIXEL, 10, brightness=0.2, auto_write=False)

# 可配置4种三色灯点灯模式,配置1打开
# choose which demos to play
# 1 means play, 0 means don't!
color_chase_demo = 1
flash_demo = 1
rainbow_demo = 1
rainbow_cycle_demo = 1

# 流水灯
def color_chase(color, wait):
    for i in range(10):
        pixels<i> = color
        time.sleep(wait)
        pixels.show()
    time.sleep(0.5)

# 彩虹环
def rainbow_cycle(wait):
    for j in range(255):
        for i in range(10):
            rc_index = (i * 256 // 10) + j * 5
            pixels<i> = colorwheel(rc_index & 255)
        pixels.show()
        time.sleep(wait)

# 彩虹颜色变化
def rainbow(wait):
    for j in range(255):
        for i in range(len(pixels)):
            idx = int(i + j)
            pixels<i> = colorwheel(idx & 255)
        pixels.show()
        time.sleep(wait)

RED = (255, 0, 0)
YELLOW = (255, 150, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
CYAN = (0, 255, 255)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
PURPLE = (180, 0, 255)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
OFF = (0, 0, 0)

while True:
    # 流水效果
    if color_chase_demo:
        color_chase(RED, 0.1)  # Increase the number to slow down the color chase
        color_chase(YELLOW, 0.1)
        color_chase(GREEN, 0.1)
        color_chase(CYAN, 0.1)
        color_chase(BLUE, 0.1)
        color_chase(PURPLE, 0.1)
        color_chase(OFF, 0.1)

# 纯色点亮
    if flash_demo:
        pixels.fill(RED)
        pixels.show()
        # Increase or decrease to change the speed of the solid color change.
        time.sleep(1)
        pixels.fill(GREEN)
        pixels.show()
        time.sleep(1)
        pixels.fill(BLUE)
        pixels.show()
        time.sleep(1)
        pixels.fill(WHITE)
        pixels.show()
        time.sleep(1)

# 彩虹色环流动效果
    if rainbow_cycle_demo:
        rainbow_cycle(0.05)  # Increase the number to slow down the rainbow.

# 彩虹颜色变化
    if rainbow_demo:
        rainbow(0.05)  # Increase the number to slow down the rainbow.
```
### 演示效果
<div id="player_c2ef1168762f7ef9af7aedac7452534b2" class="localvideo-box"></div><div class="localvideo-title">任务一流水灯</div><br/>

## 基础任务二
- 监测环境温度和光线，通过板载LED展示舒适程度
### 硬件
- 开发板描述：
o 1 x Temperature sensor (thermistor) 
o 1 x Light sensor (phototransistor). Can also act as a color sensor and pulse sensor.

- 在板载带有温度传感器（电阻式）NTC thermistor (Murata NCP15XH103F03RC)，可通过ADC检测其产生的电压作为输入
![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/047/160/medium640/circuit_playground_temp.jpg?1507829582)
- 板载带有光电晶体管 亿光的 Ambient Light Sensor Surface-Mount ALS-PT19-315C/L177/TR8，该传感器模拟信号输出，可通过ADC检测其产生的电压作为检测输入
![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/047/158/medium640/circuit_playground_lightsensor.jpg?1507829543)

### 软件
- 软件源码如下：
- A、主要过程：初始化温度及光传感器的模拟输入ADC
- B、根据采集得到的数值做LED幻彩灯的对应显示指示

```python
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2017 John Edgar Park for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

# Circuit Playground Light Sensor
# Reads the on-board light sensor and graphs the brightness with NeoPixels

import time
import board
import neopixel
import analogio
import simpleio
import adafruit_thermistor

# 幻彩灯显示
pixels = neopixel.NeoPixel(board.NEOPIXEL, 10, brightness=.05, auto_write=False)
pixels.fill((0, 0, 0))
pixels.show()

# 初始化环境光检测ADC输入检测
light = analogio.AnalogIn(board.LIGHT)
# 初始化温度传感器ADC输入检测
thermistor = adafruit_thermistor.Thermistor(board.TEMPERATURE, 10000, 10000, 25, 3950)
    
while True:
    # 将光亮度值 对应到幻彩灯
    # light value remapped to pixel position
    peak = simpleio.map_range(light.value, 2000, 62000, 0, 9)
    print(light.value)
    print(int(peak))
    
    # 输出采集到的温度值
    temp_c = thermistor.temperature
    temp_f = thermistor.temperature * 9 / 5 + 32
    print("Temperature is: %f C and %f F" % (temp_c, temp_f))

# 根据光亮度及温度值 进行点亮不同颜色和不同灯珠数量
    for i in range(0, 9, 1):
        if i <= peak:
            if temp_c > 32:
                pixels<i> = (255, 00, 00)
            elif temp_c > 30:
                pixels<i> = (00, 00, 255)
            else:
                pixels<i> = (0, 255, 0)
        else:
            pixels<i> = (0, 0, 0)
    pixels.show()

time.sleep(0.01)
    
```

### 演示
- 检测到光变化及温度变化的演示效果。

## 基础任务三
- 接近检测——设定安全距离并通过板载LED展示，检测到入侵时，发起声音报警

### 硬件
- 关于靠近检测，从论坛上有看到用光传感器检测光强度进行实现的。以下将利用板载的红外发射管和接收管来进行靠近检测功能。
![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/047/182/medium640/circuit_playground_ir.jpg?1507831652)

### 软件
- 软件实现流程分为3个部分：
- A、控制红外IR进行脉冲发射
- B、打开IR接收的ADC检测，读取检测值
- C、根据检测到的ADC值进行蜂鸣告警和幻彩LED指示

```python
import time
import board
import analogio
import digitalio
from adafruit_circuitplayground import cp

# 关闭幻彩灯
cp.pixels.fill((0, 0, 0))

# 设置红外IR发射管脚
ir_led = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.IR_TX)
ir_led.direction = digitalio.Direction.OUTPUT
# 设置红外检测,采用ADC检测
adc = analogio.AnalogIn(board.IR_PROXIMITY)

# 距离范围转换
def scale_range(value):
    if value<29000:
        value = 29000
    if value>43000:
        value = 43000
    value = value - 29000
    return round(value/(43000 - 29000)*10)

while True:
    # 发射一个短脉冲时间
    ir_led.value = True
    time.sleep(0.05)
    ir_led.value = False

# ADC对应值
    dist = adc.value
    print(dist)

time.sleep(0.2)

# 根据距离告警和指示幻彩灯
    peak = scale_range(dist)
    for i in range(10):
        if i <= peak:
            cp.pixels<i> = (peak*255/20, 255*(10 - peak)/20, 0)
        else:
            cp.pixels<i> = (0, 0, 0)
    if peak > 3:
        cp.play_tone(440, 1)
    cp.pixels.show()

```

### 演示
开发板的演示效果如下：
<div id="player_273ffcd271e41869085d34ea5b0003c44" class="localvideo-box"></div><div class="localvideo-title">靠近感应</div><br/>

## 进阶任务
- 制作不倒翁——展示不倒翁运动过程中的不同灯光效果

### 硬件
- 检测不倒翁的各个摇摆的方向是通过板载的G-Sensor实现。

![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/047/162/medium640/circuit_playground_adxl.jpg?1507829763)
- 关于G-Sensor LIS3DH，是一颗非常通用的传感器：
- 3轴MEMS加速度计，超低功耗，±2g/±4g/±8g/±16g满量程，高速I2C/SPI数字输出，内置FIFO和高性能加速度传感器，LLGA 16 3x3x1.0封装

### 软件
- 不倒翁的演示代码实现过程包括：
- A、读取G-Sensor的数值
- B、根据G-Sensor Z轴的数据判断板子是否在水平状态
- C、根据X轴和Y轴的正负号，判断不倒翁偏向的方向，从而点亮对应区域的LED以及发出蜂鸣器响声

```python
import time
import board
from rainbowio import colorwheel
import neopixel
from adafruit_circuitplayground import cp

# 灯显示效果
def rainbow(wait):
    for j in range(0,255,25):
        for i in range(10):
            idx = int(i + j)
            cp.pixels<i> = colorwheel(idx & 255)
        cp.pixels.show()
        
while True:
    # 读取LIS3DH的加速度传感器3轴数据
    x, y, z = cp.acceleration
    print(('x',x, 'y',y, 'z',z))

# 如果Z轴大于9.5说明处于相对水平静置状态
    if z > 9.5:
        rainbow(0.05)
        cp.stop_tone()
    else:
        time.sleep(0.2)
        # 熄灭各个幻彩灯
        for i in range(10):
            cp.pixels<i> = (0, 0, 0)
        # 判断4个区域的加速度正负范围,从而判断不倒翁偏向的方向
        if x > 0.4 and y < -0.4:
            for i in range(0,3,1):
               cp.pixels<i> = (255, 255, 255)
            cp.start_tone(262)
        elif x > 0.4 and y > 0.4:    
            for i in range(2,5,1):
               cp.pixels<i> = (255, 255, 255)
            cp.start_tone(262)
        elif x < -0.4 and y > 0.4:
            for i in range(5,8,1):
               cp.pixels<i> = (255, 255, 255)
            cp.start_tone(262)
        elif x < -0.4 and y < -0.4:
            for i in range(7,10,1):
               cp.pixels<i> = (255, 255, 255)
            cp.start_tone(262)
            
    cp.pixels.show()
    
```

### 演示

## 创意任务
### 创意任务三
水果钢琴——通过触摸水果弹奏音乐，并配合灯光效果
#### 原理
- 通过圆形板子的周边铜Pad，人手触摸产生电容变化即可感应到输入，然后播放对应的wav音频文件。
#### 硬件
 -用到板载的连接pad，可以用手直接触摸，或者外引出到一个金属铜箔（硬币）上。
 ![](https://cdn-learn.adafruit.com/assets/assets/000/047/303/large1024/circuit_playground_play808.png?1507940432)
#### 软件
- 软件源码可参考：[808_drum_machine的演示](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-circuit-playground-express/playground-drum-machine "808_drum_machine的演示")

```python
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019 Kattni Rembor for Adafruit Industries
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

# Circuit Playground 808 Drum machine
import time
import board
import touchio
import digitalio

try:
    from audiocore import WaveFile
except ImportError:
    from audioio import WaveFile

try:
    from audioio import AudioOut
except ImportError:
    try:
        from audiopwmio import PWMAudioOut as AudioOut
    except ImportError:
        pass  # not always supported by every board!

bpm = 120  # Beats per minute, change this to suit your tempo

# Enable the speaker
speaker_enable = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.SPEAKER_ENABLE)
speaker_enable.direction = digitalio.Direction.OUTPUT
speaker_enable.value = True

# Make the input capacitive touchpads
capPins = (board.A1, board.A2, board.A3, board.A4, board.A5,
           board.A6, board.TX)

touchPad = []
for i in range(7):
    touchPad.append(touchio.TouchIn(capPins<i>))

# The seven files assigned to the touchpads
audiofiles = ["bd_tek.wav", "elec_hi_snare.wav", "elec_cymbal.wav",
              "elec_blip2.wav", "bd_zome.wav", "bass_hit_c.wav",
              "drum_cowbell.wav"]

audio = AudioOut(board.SPEAKER)

def play_file(filename):
    print("playing file " + filename)
    file = open(filename, "rb")
    wave = WaveFile(file)
    audio.play(wave)
    time.sleep(bpm / 960)  # Sixteenth note delay

while True:
    for i in range(7):
        if touchPad<i>.value:
            play_file(audiofiles<i>)

```

#### 演示
<div id="player_81c2029e0261f5365ac960418f560cfc6" class="localvideo-box"></div><div class="localvideo-title">1</div><br/>

### 自定义：摇摇乐
#### 原理
- 利用板载的G-Sensor检测板子的倾角
- 计算得到对应倾角，对应当前重力倾角对应的LED灯珠
- 根据灯珠位置，播放不同的声音

#### 源码
```python
# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 ladyada for Adafruit Industries
# SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

"""Gravity Pulls Pixel

This program uses the Circuit Playground's accelerometer to position
a white pixel as if gravity were pulling it.

Flip the switch left (toward the notes) to turn on debugging messages and
slow down the action. See a code walkthrough here: https://youtu.be/sZ4tNOUKRpw
"""
import time
import math
from adafruit_circuitplayground import cp

PIXEL_SPACING_ANGLE = 30
STANDARD_GRAVITY = 9.81

BACKGROUND_COLOR = 0, 0, 64
MIN_BRIGHTNESS = 15  # Minimum brightness for anti-aliasing
LIGHTING_ARC_LENGTH = 45

def compute_pixel_angles():
    """Return a list of rotation angles of the ten NeoPixels.

On the Circuit Playground there are ten pixels arranged like the 12 hours of a clock, except
    that positions 6 and 12 are empty. The numbers in the list are the angles from the (x, y)
    accelerometer values for each pixel when the Circuit Playground is rotated with that pixel at
    the bottom. For example, with pixel 0 at the bottom (and pixel 5 at the top), the
    accelerometer’s (x, y) values give an angle of 300°. Rotated clockwise 1/12 turn (30°), so
    that pixel 1 is at the bottom, the angle is 330°.
    """
    return [
        (300 + PIXEL_SPACING_ANGLE * n) % 360 for n in range(12) if n not in (5, 11)
    ]

def degrees_between(a1, a2):
    smaller = min(a1, a2)
    larger = max(a1, a2)
    return min(larger - smaller, 360 + smaller - larger)

def pixel_brightness(distance_from_down, accel_magnitude):
    """Return the a brightness for a pixel, or None if the pixel is not in the lighting arc"""
    half_lighting_arc_length = LIGHTING_ARC_LENGTH / 2

if accel_magnitude < 0.1 or distance_from_down > half_lighting_arc_length:
        return None

normalized_nearness = 1 - distance_from_down / half_lighting_arc_length
    scale_factor = (255 - MIN_BRIGHTNESS) * accel_magnitude
    color_part = MIN_BRIGHTNESS + round(normalized_nearness * scale_factor)
    return color_part

def angle_in_degrees(x, y):
    """Return the angle of the point (x, y), in degrees from -180 to 180"""
    return math.atan2(y, x) / math.pi * 180

def positive_degrees(angle):
    """Convert -180 through 180 to 0 through 360"""
    return (angle + 360) % 360

cp.pixels.brightness = 0.1  # Adjust overall brightness as desired, between 0 and 1
pixel_positions = compute_pixel_angles()

# The seven files assigned to the touchpads
audiofiles = ["bd_tek.wav", "elec_hi_snare.wav", "elec_cymbal.wav",
              "elec_blip2.wav", "bd_zome.wav", "bass_hit_c.wav",
              "bd_tek.wav", "bd_zome.wav", "elec_cymbal.wav",
              "drum_cowbell.wav"]
              
while True:
    debug = cp.switch  # True is toward the left
    accel_x, accel_y = cp.acceleration[:2]  # Ignore z
    down_angle = positive_degrees(angle_in_degrees(accel_x, accel_y))
    magnitude_limit = STANDARD_GRAVITY
    normalized_magnitude = (
        min(math.sqrt(accel_x * accel_x + accel_y * accel_y), magnitude_limit)
        / magnitude_limit
    )

pixels_lit = []
    for i, pixel_position in enumerate(pixel_positions):
        pe = pixel_brightness(
            degrees_between(pixel_position, down_angle), normalized_magnitude
        )
        
        cp.pixels<i> = (pe, pe, pe) if pe else BACKGROUND_COLOR
        if pe:
            pixels_lit.append((i, pe))
            cp.play_file(audiofiles<i>)

if debug:
        lit_formatted = ", ".join(("{}: {:>3d}".format(p, i) for p, i in pixels_lit))
        print(
            "x: {:>6.2f}, y: {:>6.2f}, angle: {:>6.2f}, mag: {:>3.2f}, pixels: [{}]".format(
                accel_x, accel_y, down_angle, normalized_magnitude, lit_formatted
            )
        )
        #time.sleep(0.5)
```

#### 演示
- 演示部分见本帖开头！

## 整合源码
- 以上任务所有源代码：

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<em class="xg1">(111.37 KB, 下载次数: 1)</em>
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<div class="y">2024-8-27 17:41 上传</div>
点击文件名下载附件
汇总源码
</div>
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</div>

</ignore_js_op>

## 总结
- 2024 FM1已经是我参加的第5次的FM活动，非常感觉Digikey和EEWorld，让我有机会可以动手体验这些有趣好玩的板子！同时，也看到论坛其他出色的开发者的设计。

- 最后，感触最大的就是大家的动手能力太强了！大家都很踊跃在参加，在分享！2024的FM2我没有提交申请，当然也就没有机会玩到对应的板子。接着，需要投入时间到创意DIY上了~~~

Jacktang

将下载的UF2文件，拖入CiruitPyhton在电脑端识别的盘符，即可完成固件的更新及下载，编程效率大大提高

【Follow me第二季第1期】任务汇总+简单创意:摇摇乐 [复制链接]

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