【得捷电子Follow me第4期】汇总提交帖：上手W5500-EVB-Pico

MioChan

【得捷电子Follow me第4期】汇总提交帖：上手W5500-EVB-Pico [复制链接]

本帖最后由 MioChan 于 2024-2-12 19:04 编辑

Follow Me 第四期的板子是W5500-EVB-Pico，使用方式与 Raspberry Pi Pico 板基本相同，主要是多了一个RJ45网口。

我选购的器件是W5500-EVB-Pico和Arduino R4 WIFI，因为感觉推荐的那块屏幕感觉性价比太低，刚好R4还自带点阵LED，能配合W5500-EVB-Pico作为它的一块小屏幕，我在Arduino上建立一个接受Post请求的API服务器，以便Pico可以将要显示的内容通过网络请求发送到R4的点阵屏。两个板子都使用Arduino IDE编写和上传程序。源码请见附件，正文只贴一些关键片段。

入门任务：开发环境搭建，BLINK，驱动液晶显示器进行显示（没有则串口HelloWorld）

环境搭建非常简单，只需要到官网下载对应的固件即可，然后将其拖入板子烧录模式在PC上显示的U盘中，然后在Arduino选好对应的板子就可以上传程序了

首先需要在Arduino R4开发板上建立一个API 服务器，接受其它设备Post请求的字符串，然后将其在板载点阵LED上滚动显示即可，核心代码主要就是实现API服务器和文字滚动显示。

void checkForNewClient() { //建立API服务器
  WiFiClient client = server.available();
  if (client) {
    Serial.println("New client");//判断是否有设备发送请求
    // Read the first line of the request
    String firstLine = client.readStringUntil('\n'); //解析请求
    // Check if this is a POST request
    if (firstLine.startsWith("POST")) {
      // Read the headers and find the Content-Length
      int contentLength = -1;
      while (client.connected()) {
        String line = client.readStringUntil('\n');
        if (line.startsWith("Content-Length:")) {
          contentLength = line.substring(15).toInt();
        }
        // Check if the end of headers is reached (empty line)
        if (line == "\r") {
          break;
        }
      }
      // Read the request body
      if (contentLength > 0) {
        String requestBody = client.readStringUntil('\n');
        // Parse JSON from the request body
        DynamicJsonDocument doc(1024);
        deserializeJson(doc, requestBody);
        String content = doc["content"];
        if (content != "") {
          Serial.println("Received content: " + content);
          receivedContent = "    "+content+"    ";  // Update the received string
        } else {
          Serial.println("No content received");
        }
      }
    }
    // Send response to the client
    client.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
    client.println("Content-Type: text/plain");
    client.println("Connection: close");
    client.println();
    client.println("Response sent");
    client.stop();
    Serial.println("Client disconnected");
  }
}
void displayScrollingText(String text) { //实现LED点阵上的滚动显示
  matrix.beginDraw();
  matrix.stroke(0xFFFFFFFF);
  matrix.textScrollSpeed(50);
  matrix.textFont(Font_5x7);
  matrix.beginText(0, 1, 0xFFFFFF);
  matrix.println(text);
  matrix.endText(SCROLL_LEFT);
  matrix.endDraw();
}

接下来是主控板W5500的部分，任务要求BLINK和输出Hello World，因为我们需要向R4的点阵LED上发送Post请求一遍显示文字，所以这一步已经完成了主控板W5500网络功能的初始化，代码如下：

#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>
//初始化和网络配置部分
EthernetClient client;
IPAddress server(192, 168, XX, XX);  // 设置Arduino R4的 IP 地址
uint16_t serverPort = 80;
byte mac[] = { 0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF, 0xFE, 0xED };
unsigned long lastTime = 0;
const unsigned long interval = 15000;  // 15秒间隔
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  delay(4000);
  Serial.println("Hello World");//串口输出Hello World
  pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
  delay(100);
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
  if (Ethernet.begin(mac) == 0) { //DHCP配网
    Serial.println("Failed to configure Ethernet ");
    while (true);
  }
  delay(1000);
  lastTime = millis();
}
//Blink和发送文字Post请求
void loop() {
  if (millis() - lastTime >= interval) {
      digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);  // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
      delay(1000);                      // wait for a second
      digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);   // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
      delay(1000);                      // wait for a second
      sendPostRequest();
      lastTime = millis();
  }
}
void sendPostRequest(String content ) {
  if (client.connect(server, serverPort)) {
    Serial.println("Connected to server");
    client.println("POST / HTTP/1.1");
    client.println("Host: 192.168.50.18");
    client.println("Content-Type: application/json");
    client.println("Connection: close");
    client.print("Content-Length: ");
    client.println(23);
    client.println();
    if( content != "")
     client.println("{\"content\":\""+content+"\"}");
    else
     client.println("{\"content\":\"Hello from W5500\"}");
  } else {
    Serial.println("Connection failed");
  }
  while (client.available()) {
    char c = client.read();
    Serial.write(c);
  }
  if (!client.connected()) {
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println("Disconnecting from server...");
    client.stop();
  }
}

基础任务一：完成主控板W5500初始化(静态IP配置)，并能使用局域网电脑ping通，同时W5500可以ping通互联网站点；通过抓包软件(Wireshark、Sniffer等)抓取本地PC的ping报文，展示并分析。

基础任务一中，因为我们的板载本来就要和R4开发板通信，所以上个任务就已经完成了配网，因为题目要求静态IP，只需要用 Ethernet.begin(mac, staticIP, myDns, gateway, subnet);就可以实现，局域网电脑可以成功ping通Pico

从Wireshark抓包截图，我们可以看到一系列的ICMP ping请求。每个请求的源地址是192.168.50.76，目标地址是192.168.50.200。每个ICMP报文的长度都是74字节。

这些请求连续发送，并且序列号（seq）逐个递增，这表明是从一个设备向另一个设备连续发送ping请求。序列号的递增可以帮助发送方跟踪响应与请求的匹配情况。ICMP回显请求用于检测网络连接的状态，通过这些请求可以判断两个IP地址之间是否有有效的网络连接。

也能ping通EEWorld的首页

基础任务二：主控板建立TCPIP或UDP服务器，局域网PC使用TCPIP或UDP客户端进行连接并发送数据，主控板接收到数据后，送液晶屏显示(没有则通过串口打印显示)；通过抓包软件抓取交互报文，展示并分析。(TCP和UDP二选一，或者全都操作)

任务二中建立TCPIP服务器其实在入门任务就完成了，因为Pico和R4开发板的通信就是通过TCP协议，我们只需要将R4开发板的IP改为PC的IP即可

Wireshark截图显示了一系列TCP协议的数据包。这些数据包是在源IP地址192.168.50.200和目的IP地址192.168.50.76之间传输的。我们可以看到不同的TCP标志位，包括SYN、ACK和PSH，这些都是TCP三次握手和数据传输过程中常见的标志。

SYN（同步序列编号）：用于建立连接时的握手过程，我们可以看到握手开始时的SYN包和相应的SYN-ACK回复。

ACK（确认）：确认收到对方的包，几乎所有的TCP包都设置了ACK标志。

PSH（推送）：提示接收端立即将这些数据推送给应用程序，而不是等待缓冲区填满。

源端口49154到目标端口80的数据包通常表示客户端尝试访问服务器上的Web服务。端口80是HTTP服务的标准端口。从数据包的长度来看，有些包含了少量的数据（例如，长度为2或15字节的包），这些可能是包含控制信息或者是小量数据的传输。

这种TCP通信模式是典型的客户端与服务器之间的交互，涉及连接建立、数据传输以及最终的连接终止。通过这些数据包的分析，可以检查TCP连接的状态、数据传输的顺序和完整性，以及连接的性能问题。

Wireshark抓包截图中，我们可以看到两个UDP报文。第一个报文（编号88）是从源IP地址192.168.50.76的端口8888发送到目标IP地址192.168.50.200的端口8888。该报文的长度为56字节，其中UDP负载数据长度为14字节。第二个报文（编号100）是从192.168.50.200的8888端口发回到192.168.50.76的8888端口，长度为60字节，负载数据长度为12字节。

这表明在两个设备之间使用UDP协议进行了通信，端口8888用于发送和接收数据。由于UDP是一种无连接的协议，这些报文显示了数据的发送和可能的响应，但不保证数据的送达。UDP通常用于需要快速传输，如视频流或在线游戏，而不是准确无误的数据传输。

进阶任务：从NTP服务器(注意数据交互格式的解析)同步时间，获取时间送显示屏(串口)显示。

进阶任务中在示例程序上做一些改动即可完成，下面是具体的效果，可以看出pico可以正常获取北京时间，并将其输出在串口和R4的点阵上

终极任务（二选一）

■ 终极任务二：使用外部存储器，组建简易FTP文件服务器，并能正常上传下载文件。

终极任务因为在老家过年期间物流都停了，手边没有现成的SD卡模块，本来想做任务一，但发现调用得捷的API非常麻烦，必须https有各种验证问题，刚好在站内看到一个能用Pico板载外存实现FTP，直接抄了作业。这是用MicroPython做的。

import socket  
import network
import uos
import gc
from time import localtime
from machine import Pin,SPI
import time
def w5x00_init():
#spi init
spi=SPI(0,2_000_000, mosi=Pin(19),miso=Pin(16),sck=Pin(18))
nic = network.WIZNET5K(spi,Pin(17),Pin(20)) #spi,cs,reset pin
nic.active(True)#network active
nic.ifconfig(('192.168.50.200','255.255.255.0','192.168.50.1','192.168.50.1'))#Set static network address information
while not nic.isconnected():
time.sleep(1)
print(nic.regs())#Print register information
#Print network address information
print("IP Address:",nic.ifconfig()[0])
print("Subnet Mask:",nic.ifconfig()[1])
print("Gateway:",nic.ifconfig()[2])
print("DNS:",nic.ifconfig()[3])
return nic
month_name = ["", "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"]
def send_list_data(path, dataclient, full):
try: # whether path is a directory name
for fname in uos.listdir(path):
dataclient.sendall(make_description(path, fname, full))
except: # path may be a file name or pattern
pattern = path.split("/")[-1]
path = path[:-(len(pattern) + 1)]
if path == "": path = "/"
for fname in uos.listdir(path):
if fncmp(fname, pattern) == True:
dataclient.sendall(make_description(path, fname, full))
def make_description(path, fname, full):
if full:
stat = uos.stat(get_absolute_path(path,fname))
file_permissions = "drwxr-xr-x" if (stat[0] & 0o170000 == 0o040000) else "-rw-r--r--"
file_size = stat[6]
tm = localtime(stat[7])
if tm[0] != localtime()[0]:
description = "{} 1 owner group {:>10} {} {:2} {:>5} {}\r\n".format(
file_permissions, file_size, month_name[tm[1]], tm[2], tm[0], fname)
else:
description = "{} 1 owner group {:>10} {} {:2} {:02}:{:02} {}\r\n".format(
file_permissions, file_size, month_name[tm[1]], tm[2], tm[3], tm[4], fname)
else:
description = fname + "\r\n"
return description
def send_file_data(path, dataclient):
with open(path, "r") as file:
chunk = file.read(512)
while len(chunk) > 0:
dataclient.sendall(chunk)
chunk = file.read(512)
def save_file_data(path, dataclient, mode):
with open(path, mode) as file:
chunk = dataclient.read(512)
while len(chunk) > 0:
file.write(chunk)
chunk = dataclient.read(512)
def get_absolute_path(cwd, payload):
# Just a few special cases "..", "." and ""
# If payload start's with /, set cwd to /
# and consider the remainder a relative path
if payload.startswith('/'):
cwd = "/"
for token in payload.split("/"):
if token == '..':
if cwd != '/':
cwd = '/'.join(cwd.split('/')[:-1])
if cwd == '':
cwd = '/'
elif token != '.' and token != '':
if cwd == '/':
cwd += token
else:
cwd = cwd + '/' + token
return cwd
# compare fname against pattern. Pattern may contain
# wildcards ? and *.
def fncmp(fname, pattern):
pi = 0
si = 0
while pi < len(pattern) and si < len(fname):
if (fname[si] == pattern[pi]) or (pattern[pi] == '?'):
si += 1
pi += 1
else:
if pattern[pi] == '*': # recurse
if (pi + 1) == len(pattern):
return True
while si < len(fname):
if fncmp(fname[si:], pattern[pi+1:]) == True:
return True
else:
si += 1
return False
else:
return False
if pi == len(pattern.rstrip("*")) and si == len(fname):
return True
else:
return False
def ftpserver():
DATA_PORT = 13333
ftpsocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
datasocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
ftpsocket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
datasocket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
ftpsocket.bind(socket.getaddrinfo("0.0.0.0", 21)[0][4])
datasocket.bind(socket.getaddrinfo("0.0.0.0", DATA_PORT)[0][4])
ftpsocket.listen(1)
datasocket.listen(1)
datasocket.settimeout(10)
msg_250_OK = '250 OK\r\n'
msg_550_fail = '550 Failed\r\n'
try:
dataclient = None
fromname = None
while True:
cl, remote_addr = ftpsocket.accept()
cl.settimeout(300)
cwd = '/'
try:
# print("FTP connection from:", remote_addr)
cl.sendall("220 Hello, this is the ESP8266.\r\n")
while True:
gc.collect()
data = cl.readline().decode("utf-8").rstrip("\r\n")
if len(data) <= 0:
print("Client disappeared")
break
command = data.split(" ")[0].upper()
payload = data[len(command):].lstrip()
path = get_absolute_path(cwd, payload)
print("Command={}, Payload={}, Path={}".format(command, payload, path))
if command == "USER":
cl.sendall("230 Logged in.\r\n")
elif command == "SYST":
cl.sendall("215 UNIX Type: L8\r\n")
elif command == "NOOP":
cl.sendall("200 OK\r\n")
elif command == "FEAT":
cl.sendall("211 no-features\r\n")
elif command == "PWD":
cl.sendall('257 "{}"\r\n'.format(cwd))
elif command == "CWD":
try:
files = uos.listdir(path)
cwd = path
cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
except:
cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
elif command == "CDUP":
cwd = get_absolute_path(cwd, "..")
cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
elif command == "TYPE":
# probably should switch between binary and not
cl.sendall('200 Transfer mode set\r\n')
elif command == "SIZE":
try:
size = uos.stat(path)[6]
cl.sendall('213 {}\r\n'.format(size))
except:
cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
elif command == "QUIT":
cl.sendall('221 Bye.\r\n')
break
elif command == "PASV":
addr = nic.ifconfig()[0]
cl.sendall('227 Entering Passive Mode ({},{},{}).\r\n'.format(
addr.replace('.',','), DATA_PORT>>8, DATA_PORT%256))
dataclient, data_addr = datasocket.accept()
# print("FTP Data connection from:", data_addr)
elif command == "LIST" or command == "NLST":
if not payload.startswith("-"):
place = path
else:
place = cwd
try:
send_list_data(place, dataclient, command == "LIST" or payload == "-l")
cl.sendall("150 Here comes the directory listing.\r\n")
cl.sendall("226 Listed.\r\n")
except:
cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
if dataclient is not None:
dataclient.close()
dataclient = None
elif command == "RETR":
try:
send_file_data(path, dataclient)
cl.sendall("150 Opening data connection.\r\n")
cl.sendall("226 Transfer complete.\r\n")
except:
cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
if dataclient is not None:
dataclient.close()
dataclient = None
elif command == "STOR":
try:
cl.sendall("150 Ok to send data.\r\n")
save_file_data(path, dataclient, "w")
cl.sendall("226 Transfer complete.\r\n")
except:
cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
if dataclient is not None:
dataclient.close()
dataclient = None
elif command == "APPE":
try:
cl.sendall("150 Ok to send data.\r\n")
save_file_data(path, dataclient, "a")
cl.sendall("226 Transfer complete.\r\n")
except:
cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
if dataclient is not None:
dataclient.close()
dataclient = None
elif command == "DELE":
try:
uos.remove(path)
cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
except:
cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
elif command == "RMD":
try:
uos.rmdir(path)
cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
except:
cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
elif command == "MKD":
try:
uos.mkdir(path)
cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
except:
cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
elif command == "RNFR":
fromname = path
cl.sendall("350 Rename from\r\n")
elif command == "RNTO":
if fromname is not None:
try:
uos.rename(fromname, path)
cl.sendall(msg_250_OK)
except:
cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
else:
cl.sendall(msg_550_fail)
fromname = None
else:
cl.sendall("502 Unsupported command.\r\n")
# print("Unsupported command {} with payload {}".format(command, payload))
except Exception as err:
print(err)
finally:
cl.close()
cl = None
finally:
datasocket.close()
ftpsocket.close()
if dataclient is not None:
dataclient.close()
nic = w5x00_init()
ftpserver()

源码：https://download.eeworld.com.cn/detail/eew_nkXjf8/631128

Jacktang

从NTP服务器(注意数据交互格式的解析)同步时间，获取时间送显示屏(串口)显示，很完美

【得捷电子Follow me第4期】汇总提交帖：上手W5500-EVB-Pico [复制链接]

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