【得捷电子Follow me第3期】+ 成果展示汇总帖

shazhongjin

【得捷电子Follow me第3期】+ 成果展示汇总帖 [复制链接]

**首先感谢 DigiKey得捷 | 电子工程世界EEWorld 举办的Follow me活动，与得捷电子一起解锁开发板的超能力！**

# 前言

大家好啊，我是沙忠金，一名不务正业的电子爱好者。很荣幸又一次入围了Follow me 第三期活动，在第二期的活动中体会到了开发板的快乐，真的对小巧精致且带有屏幕的有着不可抵抗的吸引力。

# 项目介绍

本项目包含以下内容：

**任务1**：使用MicroPython系统（必做任务）
熟悉Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3开发板基本操作，安装esptool，并给开发板刷写MicroPython系统，完成入门程序的运行
搭配器件：[Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/113991054/16652880)

**任务2**：驱动扩展板上的OLED屏幕（必做任务）
使用扩展板上的OLED屏幕显示文字和图形
搭配器件：[Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/113991054/16652880)、[Seeed Studio Expansion Board Base for XIAO](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103030356/13572081)

**任务3**：控制蜂鸣器播放音乐（必做任务）
使用Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3控制蜂鸣器发出不同频率的声音，并播放一段音乐
搭配器件：[Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/113991054/16652880)、[Seeed Studio Expansion Board Base for XIAO](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103030356/13572081)

**任务4**：连接WiFi网络（必做任务）
将Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3连接到WiFi网络，并访问互联网信息
搭配器件：[Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/113991054/16652880)、[Seeed Studio Expansion Board Base for XIAO](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103030356/13572081)、[RF ANT 2.4GHZ/5.5GHZ PCB TRACE](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/laird-connectivity-inc/MAF94264/2392214)

**任务5**：使用外部传感器（必做任务）
连接环境光传感器或温湿度传感器，获取传感器的数值，并转换成真实的物理量
搭配器件： [Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/113991054/16652880)、[Seeed Studio Expansion Board Base for XIAO](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103030356/13572081)、 [Grove - AHT20 I2C Industrial Grade Temperature and Humidity Sensor](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/101990644/11681294)、[Grove - Light Sensor v1.2](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/101020132/6558656)

任务6：综合实践（选做，非必做）：从以下任务要求中，任选一个完成，也可以根据自己的兴趣爱好和能力特长，自定义难度相仿的任务并完成。
■  **分任务2：温湿度数据记录仪**  
定时记录温湿度传感器的值，并展示出来。可记录到开发板内置存储中，也可以通过物联网服务发送数据到云端。

本项目视频及源码：

- 视频 [【得捷Follow me第3期】+ 任务成果视频展示](https://training.eeworld.com.cn/video/38572)
- 源码 [【得捷Follow me第3期】+ 任务成果代码展示](https://download.eeworld.com.cn/detail/shazhongjin/630228)

# 开箱及展示

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# 任务成果展示及说明

## 任务1：使用MicroPython系统

熟悉Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3开发板基本操作，安装esptool，并给开发板刷写MicroPython系统，完成入门程序的运行

### 一、熟悉Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 开发板

Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3是一款基于 Espressif ESP32-C3 Wi-Fi/蓝牙双模芯片的 IoT 迷你开发板。ESP32-C3 是一款32 位 RISC-V CPU，具有强大的计算能力，包含FPU（浮点运算单元），可进行32 位单精度运算。它具有出色的射频性能，支持IEEE 802.11 b/g/n Wi-Fi和蓝牙 5 (LE)协议。正如其名，Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3具有小巧精致的外形，还可通过表面贴装整合到更复杂的PCB上。

**特性**
• 强大的 CPU：ESP32-C3，32 位 RISC-V 单核处理器，运行频率高达 160 MHz
• 完整的WiFi子系统：符合IEEE 802.11b/g/n协议，支持Station模式、SoftAP模式、SoftAP+Station模式、混杂模式
• 蓝牙 LE 子系统：支持蓝牙 5 和蓝牙网状网络的功能
• 超低功耗：深度睡眠功耗约43μA
• 更好的射频性能：可连接外部射频天线
• 电池充电芯片：支持锂电池充放电管理
• 丰富的片上资源：400KB SRAM、4MB板载闪存
• 超小尺寸：小至拇指 (20x17.5mm) XIAO 系列经典外形，适用于可穿戴设备和小型项目
• 可靠的安全功能：支持 AES-128/256、哈希、RSA、HMAC、数字签名和安全启动的加密硬件加速器
• 丰富的接口：1xI2C、1xSPI、2xUART、11xGPIO(PWM)、4xADC、1xJTAG
• 单面元件布局、支持表面贴装设计

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---
参考资料：
[Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 官方资料](https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/XIAO_ESP32C3_Getting_Started/#hardware-overview "Getting Started with Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3")

### 二、下载esptool、esp32c3 MicroPython固件

1. 下载esptool工具

百度搜索esptool，选择github搜索结果。

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点击Releases Version 4.6.2，进入后点击[esptool-v4.6.2-win64.zip](https://github.com/espressif/esptool/releases/download/v4.6.2/esptool-v4.6.2-win64.zip)开始下载。因为我使用的系统是windows，大家可以根据自己的操作系统来选择下载。

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下载后保存待用。

2. 下载ESP32C3 MicroPython固件
百度搜索MicroPython，选择MicroPython官网搜索结果。

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选择ESP32-C3，点击下载Releases v1.21.0 (2023-10-05) .bin，下载后待用。

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### 三、将MicroPython刷入到Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3开发板中

1. 将开发板连接电脑，点击设备管理器查看开发板的端口号。

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2. 在MicroPython固件和esptool所在文件夹打开powershell 或 命令行，输入命令清除闪存。
``` powershell
.\esptool.exe --chip esp32c3 --port COM3 erase_flash
```

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3. 再此输入命令开始刷写固件，待提示“Hard resetting via RTS pin..”刷写成功。
``` powershell
.\esptool.exe --chip esp32c3 --port COM3 --baud 460800 write_flash -z 0x0 .\ESP32_GENERIC_C3-20231005-v1.21.0.bin
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*COM3 为你自己电脑上开发板的端口号；*
	*.\ESP32_GENERIC_C3-20231005-v1.21.0.bin 为你下载的MicroPython固件*

### 四、完成入门程序运行

1. 下载安装Thonny，这里需要安装4.1.4版本，其他版本在安装ssd1306库时会报错。

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2. 选择解释器 Micropython (ESP32) and Port。

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3. 进入“工具”——“管理包”，在包管理工具中搜索并安装ssd1306库。

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4. 复制官方提供的 [示例](https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/XIAO_ESP32C3_MicroPython/#demo-1-light-an-oled-screen "示例") 点击运行。

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---
参考资料：
[Getting Started | Seeed Studio Wiki](https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/XIAO_ESP32C3_MicroPython/#demo-1-light-an-oled-screen "Getting Started | Seeed Studio Wiki")

## 任务2：驱动扩展板上的OLED屏幕

任务要点：使用扩展板上的OLED屏幕显示文字和图形

### 一、驱动扩展板 0.96" OLED屏幕

1. 点击包管理工具，安装SSD1306 OLED库如下图所示。

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2. 学习官网示例及查找SSD1306 OLED屏幕驱动的主要成员和方法。

```python
import time
from machine import Pin, SoftI2C
import ssd1306
import math

# ESP8266 Pin assignment
i2c = SoftI2C(scl=Pin(7), sda=Pin(6))
oled_width = 128
oled_height = 64
oled = ssd1306.SSD1306_I2C(oled_width, oled_height, i2c)

oled.fill(0)  # Clear the screen
oled.text("Hello, Seeder!", 10, 15)
oled.text("/////", 30, 40)
oled.text("(`3`)y", 30, 55)
oled.show()  # Show the text
```

```python
# 主要从GPT上获得有部分可能无法使用。

width - 屏幕宽度,单位像素
height - 屏幕高度,单位像素
fill(color) - 用某个颜色填充整个屏幕
fill_rect(x, y, width, height, color) - 用颜色填充指定区域
pixel(x, y, color) - 设置指定坐标点的颜色
scroll(dx, dy) - 滚动显示内容
text(string, x, y, color) - 在指定位置显示文本
show() - 更新显示
invert(invert) - 反色显示
rotate(rotate) - 旋转屏幕方向
contrast(contrast) - 设置对比度
hline(x, y, width, color) - 绘制水平线
vline(x, y, height, color) - 绘制垂直线
rectangle(x1, y1, x2, y2, color) - 绘制矩形
line(x1, y1, x2, y2, color) - 绘制线段
bitmap(image, x, y, color) - 显示位图图像
draw_image_part(bitmap, x, y, start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y) - 显示图像片段
```

### 二、任务设计

本任务使用屏幕实现一个贪吃蛇小游戏，通过游戏界面展示、蛇和食物的绘制来达到本次任务学习的目的。使用核心板的BOOT Button为游戏开始按键，扩展板的User Button为贪吃蛇转弯按键。每次按下User Button蛇会顺时针旋转90°。游戏中控制蛇允许穿墙，蛇头一但撞到身体时游戏结束，并在游戏结束后统计本局游戏分数。

### 三、代码展示

```python
import time,ssd1306,math,random
from machine import Pin, SoftI2C

# ESP8266 Pin assignment
i2c = SoftI2C(scl=Pin(7), sda=Pin(6))
oled_width = 128
oled_height = 64
oled = ssd1306.SSD1306_I2C(oled_width, oled_height, i2c)

WIDTH = 128  
HEIGHT = 64

# 配置引脚
boot_pin = Pin(9, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
move_pin = Pin(3, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)

startgame = False
endgame = False

snake_pos = [[0,0],[-1,0],[-2,0],[-3,0],[-4,0]] 
food_pos = [0,0]

# 方向 0右 1下 2左 3上
direction = 0

def init_game():
  spawn_food()
  print("游戏开始!")

def spawn_food():
  global food_pos
  food_pos = [random.randint(0,WIDTH-1), random.randint(0,HEIGHT-1)]

def draw():
  oled.fill(0)
  for p in snake_pos:
    oled.pixel(p[0], p[1], 1)
  oled.pixel(*food_pos, 2) 
  oled.show()
  
def check_cross(value):
    if value[0] > 128:
        value[0] = 0
    if value[0] < 0:
        value[0] = 128
    if value[1] > 64:
        value[1] = 0
    if value[1] < 0:
        value[1] = 64
    return value
      
def check_collision(list):
    global endgame
    for pos in snake_pos:
        if pos == list:
            endgame = True
            print("游戏结束")
        
def move_snake():
    global direction
    global snake_pos
    # 判断移动按钮是否被按下
    if move_pin.value() == 0:
        if direction == 3:
            direction = 0
        else:
            direction = direction + 1
                
    # 判断移动方向
    if direction == 0:
        new_head = [snake_pos[0][0] + 1, snake_pos[0][1]]
        
    if direction == 1:
        new_head = [snake_pos[0][0], snake_pos[0][1] + 1]
        
    if direction == 2:
        new_head = [snake_pos[0][0] - 1, snake_pos[0][1]]
        
    if direction == 3:
        new_head = [snake_pos[0][0] , snake_pos[0][1] - 1]
  
    print(f"下一点移动坐标:{new_head}")
    # 检查自身碰撞
    check_collision(new_head)
    
    snake_pos.insert(0, new_head)
    
    snake_pos = list(map(check_cross, snake_pos))

if new_head == food_pos:
        spawn_food()
    else:
        snake_pos.pop()
    draw()

while True:
    if endgame:
        oled.fill(0)
        oled.hline(0,0,128,1)
        oled.hline(0,63,128,1)
        oled.vline(0,0,64,1)
        oled.vline(127,0,64,1)
        oled.text("Game Over" ,30,15)
        score = len(snake_pos) - 5
        oled.text(f"score {score}" ,35,45)
        oled.show()
    else:
        if not startgame:
            oled.fill(0)
            oled.hline(0,0,128,1)
            oled.hline(0,63,128,1)
            oled.vline(0,0,64,1)
            oled.vline(127,0,64,1)
            oled.text("Follow me 3" ,20,15)
            oled.text("Snake" ,40,30)
            oled.text("Press Boot" ,20,45)
            oled.show()
            
            if boot_pin.value() == 0:
                startgame = True
                init_game()
                
                oled.fill(0)
                oled.text("Readly ~~" ,20,30)
                oled.show()
                print("准备 ~~")
                
                time.sleep(1)
                
                oled.fill(0)
                oled.text("Go !!" ,20,30)
                oled.show()
                print("开始 !!")
                
                time.sleep(1)
                
        if startgame:
            print(f"蛇身体坐标：{snake_pos}" )
            print(f"食物坐标：{food_pos}")
            move_snake()
            time.sleep(0.2)
```

### 四、演示

## 任务3：控制蜂鸣器播放音乐

使用Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3控制蜂鸣器发出不同频率的声音，并播放一段音乐

### 一、驱动Buzzer（蜂鸣器）
Seeed Studio Expansion Board Base for XIAO 扩展板集成了，无源蜂鸣器可以更改 PMW 频率以发出不同的哔哔声以获得“蜂鸣器音乐”。

<ignore_js_op>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_760308" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=760308&handlekey=savephoto_760308">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

``` python
import machine

# 获取buzzer对象
buzzer_pin = machine.Pin(5, machine.Pin.OUT)
buzzer = machine.PWM(buzzer_pin)

# 设置声音的占空比
buzzer.duty(512)
# 设置声音频率
buzzer.freq(current_note)
# 设置时间间隔
time.sleep_ms(wait)
```

### 二、将简谱转化为简谱字符串

1. 音高转化为字符串

<ignore_js_op>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_760341" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=760341&handlekey=savephoto_760341">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

| 音高    | 简谱 | 字符串 |
| ------- | ---- | ------ |
| 高音 do | 
<ignore_js_op>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_760340" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=760340&handlekey=savephoto_760340">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>
   | `1     | 
| 中音 do |  1  | 1      |
| 低音 do | 
<ignore_js_op>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_760339" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=760339&handlekey=savephoto_760339">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>
  | ,1     |

2. 音的时值转化为字符串

<ignore_js_op>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_760343" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=760343&handlekey=savephoto_760343">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

<ignore_js_op>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_760342" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=760342&handlekey=savephoto_760342">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

| 时值         | 简谱               | 字符串    |
| ------------ | ------------------ | --------- |
| 四分音符     | 1                  | 1         |
| 二分音符     | 1 -                | 1\-       |
| 全音符       | 1 - - -            | 1\-\-\-   |
| 八分音符     | <u>1</u>           | 1\_       |
| 十六分音符   | <u>1</u>(双下划线) | 1\_ \_    |
| 三十二分音符 | <u>1</u>(三下划线) | 1\_ \_ \_ |
| 附点四分音符 | 1·                 | 1\.       |
| 附点八分音符 | <u>1</u>·          | 1\_\.     |
|              | <u>1 2</u>                   | 1\_ 2\_   |

3. 休止符转化字符串

| 休止符         | 简谱               | 字符串    |
| ------------ | ------------------ | --------- |
| 休止符 | 0                  | 0         |

4. 将简谱转化为字符串

<ignore_js_op>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_760309" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=760309&handlekey=savephoto_760309">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

<ignore_js_op>

<a href="javascript:;" onclick="showWindow(this.id, this.getAttribute('url'), 'get', 0);" id="savephoto_760310" url="home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=album&op=saveforumphoto&aid=760310&handlekey=savephoto_760310">保存到相册</a>

</p>

</div>
<div class="tip_horn"></div>
</div>

</ignore_js_op>

``` python
notation = "0 0 6_ 7_ | `1. 7_ `1 `3 | 7-- 3 | 6. 5_ 6 `1 | 5-- 2_ 3_ | 4. 3_ 4_ `1. | 3. 2_ 3_ `1. | 7. 5_ 5 7 | 7-- 6_ 7_ | `1. 7_ `1 `3 | 7-- 3 | 6. 5_ 6 `1 | 5-- 3_ 3_ | 4 `1_ 7. `1 | `2 `3_ `1_ `1- |`1_ 7_ 6 7 5 | 6-- `1_ `2_| `3. `2_ `3 `5 | `2-- 5 | `1. 7_ `1 `3 | `3-- 5_ 5_ | 6_ 7_ `1 7_ `1_ `2 | `1. 5_ 5- | `4 `3 `2 `1 | `3-- `3 | `6- `5- | `3_ `2 `1-- | `2 `1_ `2_ `2 `5 | `3-- `3 | `6- `5- | `3_ `2_ `1-- | `2 `1_ `2_ `2 7 | 6--- | 6--- |"

```

### 三、将简谱字符串转化为频率、时长

``` python
# 简谱字符串转化为频率、时长
# https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33015241/article/details/130160768
def translate(notation):
    freq_time = [[],[]]
    i = 0
    j = 0
    symbol = 0
    scale_spacing = 0
    time_counting = False
    one_beat_duration = 500  # 1拍时长
    time = one_beat_duration

while i < len(notation):
        symbol = notation<i>

if symbol == '|' or symbol == ' ':
            i += 1
            continue

if symbol == ',' or symbol == '`':
            if symbol == ',':
                scale_spacing = -7
            elif symbol == '`':
                scale_spacing = 7

if symbol >= '1' and symbol <= '7':
            freq_time[0].append(c_key_scale_freq[int(symbol) - 1 + 7 + scale_spacing])
            scale_spacing = 0
        
            time = one_beat_duration
            i += 1
            while i < len(notation):
                symbol = notation<i>
                if symbol == '-' or symbol == '_' or symbol == '.':
                    if symbol == '-':
                        time += one_beat_duration
                    elif symbol == '_':
                        time //= 2
                    elif symbol == '.':
                        time += time // 2
                else:
                    freq_time[1].append(time)
                    break
                i += 1

if symbol == '0':
            freq_time[0].append(0);
            scale_spacing = 0
        
            time = one_beat_duration
            i += 1
            while i < len(notation):
                symbol = notation<i>
                if symbol == '-' or symbol == '_' or symbol == '.':
                    if symbol == '-':
                        time += one_beat_duration
                    elif symbol == '_':
                        time //= 2
                    elif symbol == '.':
                        time += time // 2
                else:
                    freq_time[1].append(time)
                    break
                i += 1

i += 1

return freq_time

```

### 四、代码展示

``` python
import machine
import time

# 获取buzzer对象
buzzer_pin = machine.Pin(5, machine.Pin.OUT)
buzzer = machine.PWM(buzzer_pin)

# 设置C调音节
c_key_scale_freq = [
    262, 294, 330, 349, 392, 440, 494,  # C调低音7个音阶
    523, 587, 659, 698, 784, 880, 988,  # C调中音7个音阶
    1064, 1175, 1318, 1397, 1568, 1760, 1967  # C调高音7个音阶
]

play = True

# 翻译简谱
def translate(notation):
    freq_time = [[],[]]
    i = 0
    j = 0
    symbol = 0
    scale_spacing = 0
    time_counting = False
    one_beat_duration = 500  # 1拍时长
    time = one_beat_duration

while i < len(notation):
        symbol = notation<i>

if symbol == '|' or symbol == ' ':
            i += 1
            continue

if symbol == ',' or symbol == '`':
            if symbol == ',':
                scale_spacing = -7
            elif symbol == '`':
                scale_spacing = 7

if symbol >= '1' and symbol <= '7':
            freq_time[0].append(c_key_scale_freq[int(symbol) - 1 + 7 + scale_spacing])
            scale_spacing = 0
        
            time = one_beat_duration
            i += 1
            while i < len(notation):
                symbol = notation<i>
                if symbol == '-' or symbol == '_' or symbol == '.':
                    if symbol == '-':
                        time += one_beat_duration
                    elif symbol == '_':
                        time //= 2
                    elif symbol == '.':
                        time += time // 2
                else:
                    freq_time[1].append(time)
                    break
                i += 1

if symbol == '0':
            freq_time[0].append(0);
            scale_spacing = 0
        
            time = one_beat_duration
            i += 1
            while i < len(notation):
                symbol = notation<i>
                if symbol == '-' or symbol == '_' or symbol == '.':
                    if symbol == '-':
                        time += one_beat_duration
                    elif symbol == '_':
                        time //= 2
                    elif symbol == '.':
                        time += time // 2
                else:
                    freq_time[1].append(time)
                    break
                i += 1

i += 1

return freq_time

# 播放音乐
def play_song(song):
    global play
    play = False
    total_notes = len(song[0])
    for i in range(total_notes):
        current_note = song[0]<i>
        wait = song[1]<i>
        if current_note != 0:
            buzzer.duty(512)  # Set duty cycle for sound
            buzzer.freq(current_note)  # Set frequency of the note
        else:
            buzzer.duty(0)  # Turn off the sound
        time.sleep_ms(wait)
        buzzer.duty(0)  # Turn off the sound
    
        
while play:
    # 简谱
    notation = "0 0 6_ 7_ | `1. 7_ `1 `3 | 7-- 3 | 6. 5_ 6 `1 | 5-- 2_ 3_ | 4. 3_ 4_ `1. | 3. 2_ 3_ `1. | 7. 5_ 5 7 | 7-- 6_ 7_ | `1. 7_ `1 `3 | 7-- 3 | 6. 5_ 6 `1 | 5-- 3_ 3_ | 4 `1_ 7. `1 | `2 `3_ `1_ `1- |`1_ 7_ 6 7 5 | 6-- `1_ `2_| `3. `2_ `3 `5 | `2-- 5 | `1. 7_ `1 `3 | `3-- 5_ 5_ | 6_ 7_ `1 7_ `1_ `2 | `1. 5_ 5- | `4 `3 `2 `1 | `3-- `3 | `6- `5- | `3_ `2 `1-- | `2 `1_ `2_ `2 `5 | `3-- `3 | `6- `5- | `3_ `2_ `1-- | `2 `1_ `2_ `2 7 | 6--- | 6--- |"
    # 简谱转化为频率、时长
    song = translate(notation)
    # Play the song
    play_song(song)

```

### 五、演示

---
参考资料：
[天空之城吉他谱 C调 简单版](https://www.qinyipu.net/jita/jitapudaquan/266880.html "天空之城吉他谱 C调 简单版")
[歌曲简谱转换为频率、时长数组](https://blog.csdn.net/qq_33015241/article/details/130160768 "歌曲简谱转换为频率、时长数组")
[简谱基本知识介绍](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU5ODU2NjMwNA==&mid=2247488598&idx=3&sn=22d21301a74de61dc6ba1e9158c763b8&chksm=fe436099c934e98f2df1ecbfb3be756400ca7884a3f72ba56764eac011c47952448f4d3b70f5&scene=27 "简谱基本知识介绍")

## 任务4：连接WiFi网络

任务要点：将Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3连接到WiFi网络，并访问互联网信息。
根据Follow me 第二期的任务要求，我们使用Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3完成创建热点及连接WiFi网络，并访问互联网信息。

### 一、network的基本用法

1. wifi模块有两种模式

```python
import network
# STA_IF 也就是station站点模式，将本芯片作为客户端连接到已知的无线网络上
sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
# AP_IF 也就是AP/热点模式，将本芯片作为无线热点，等待其他客户端连接上来
ap_if = network.WLAN(network.AP_IF)
```
2. 使用AP模式创建热点

```python
import network
ap = network.WLAN(network.AP_IF)  # 指定用ap模式
ap.active(True)                   # 启用wifi前需要先激活接口
ap.config(essid="FollowMe3",authmode=3, password='1234567890')      # 设置热点名称、认证模式与密码
```
**config可设置参数**
- mac——MAC地址
- essid——热点名称
- channel——wifi通道
- hidden——是否隐藏
- authmode——认证模式
	- 0 – 无密码
	- 1 – WEP认证
	- 2 – WPA-PSK
	- 3 – WPA2-PSK
	- 4 – WPA/WPA2-PSK
- password——连接密码
- dhcp_hostname——DHCP主机名

3. 使用AP模式创建热点

```python
import network
import utime

sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)  # 配置wifi模式为station
if not sta_if.isconnected():   # 判断有无连接
    print('connecting to network...')
    sta_if.active(True)        # 激活wifi接口
    sta_if.connect('<essid>','<password>')  # 连接现有wifi网络，需要替换为已知的热点名称和密码
    while not sta_if.isconnected():
        utime.sleep(1)   # 未连接上就等待一下，直到连接成功
print('network config:', sta_if.ifconfig())  # 输出当前wifi网络给自己分配的网络参数

```

### 二、代码展示

1. 创建热点,创建Socket并绑定80端口开始监听，然后开启一个循环，当接受到连接后就给客户端发送页面代码。

```python
import network,ssd1306,socket
from machine import Pin, SoftI2C

wlan_ap = network.WLAN(network.AP_IF)
wlan_ap.active(True)
wlan_ap.config(essid='Followme3',authmode=3,password='1234567890')

server_socket = socket.socket()
server_socket.bind(('0.0.0.0', 80))
server_socket.listen(3)

# 显示部分
i2c = SoftI2C(scl=Pin(7), sda=Pin(6))
oled_width = 128
oled_height = 64
oled = ssd1306.SSD1306_I2C(oled_width, oled_height, i2c)

oled.fill(0)
oled.hline(0,0,128,1)
oled.hline(0,63,128,1)
oled.vline(0,0,64,1)
oled.vline(127,0,64,1)
oled.text("Follow me 3",20,5,1)
oled.text("Not Connected",10,30,1)
oled.show()

def web_page():
    return """<html>
                    <head>
                        <title>Follow Me 3</title>
                    </head>
                    <body>
                        <h1>Hello DigiKey ,Hello EEWorld</h1>
                    </body>
                </html>"""

while True:
    conn, addr = server_socket.accept()
    print('Connection: %s ' % str(addr))
    oled.fill_rect(10, 30, 117, 33, 0)
    oled.text('Connection:',10,30,1)
    oled.text(str(addr[0]),10,40,1)
    oled.text('Send Success',10,50,1)
    oled.show()	
    response = web_page()
    conn.send(f"HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/html\r\n\r\n{response}" )
    #conn.send(response)
    conn.close()

```

2. 结合官网示例连接WiFi网络并获取内网IP和外网IP。

```python
import ssd1306, time, network, urequests, ujson
from machine import Pin, I2C, SoftI2C,ADC

# 显示部分
i2c = SoftI2C(scl=Pin(7), sda=Pin(6))  
oled_width = 128
oled_height = 64
oled = ssd1306.SSD1306_I2C(oled_width, oled_height, i2c)

oled.fill(0)
oled.hline(0,0,128,1)
oled.hline(0,63,128,1)
oled.vline(0,0,64,1)
oled.vline(127,0,64,1)
oled.text("Follow me 3" ,20,5)
oled.text("Connecting...", 5, 20)

oled.show()
        
wifi_ssid = "whjcyh1"
wifi_password = "WHjcyh123"
url = "http://worldtimeapi.org/api/ip"

def scan_and_connect():
    station = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
    station.active(True)

while not station.isconnected():
        print("Connecting...")
        station.connect(wifi_ssid, wifi_password)
        time.sleep(10)
    
    try:
        response = urequests.get(url)
        if response.status_code == 200:
            data = ujson.loads(response.text)
            ext_IP = data["client_ip"]

oled.fill(0)
            oled.hline(0,0,128,1)
            oled.hline(0,63,128,1)
            oled.vline(0,0,64,1)
            oled.vline(127,0,64,1)
            oled.text("Follow me 3" ,20,5)
            oled.text("Internal IP:", 5, 20)
            oled.text(station.ifconfig()[0], 5, 30)
            oled.text("External IP:", 5, 40)
            oled.text(ext_IP, 5, 50)
            oled.show()
    except:
        print("connection timed out")

scan_and_connect()

```
### 三、演示

1. 创建热点

<div id="player_3fbbb81a635fc9c2b35c8e9fd3029ae72" class="localvideo-box"></div><div class="localvideo-title">任务4：创建热点</div><br/>
2. 连接WIFI

---
参考资料：
[MicroPython-On-ESP8266——WIFI与网络](https://blog.csdn.net/fatway/article/details/118614655 "MicroPython-On-ESP8266——WIFI与网络")
## 任务5：使用外部传感器

任务要点：连接环境光传感器或温湿度传感器，获取传感器的数值，并转换成真实的物理量

### 一、熟悉传感器
1. 光照传感器
![](https://files.seeedstudio.com/wiki/Grove_Light_Sensor/images/cover.jpg)
Grove - Light 传感器集成了一个光敏电阻器（光敏电阻器）来检测光的强度。光敏电阻的电阻随着光强度的增加而减小。板载双运算放大器芯片 LM358 产生与光强度相对应的电压（即基于电阻值）。输出信号为模拟值，光线越亮，数值越大。该模块可用于构建光控开关，即白天关灯，夜间开灯。
ADC是模拟数字转换器（Analog-to-Digital Converter）的缩写，它是一种将模拟信号转换成数字信号的电子元件。ADC广泛用于测量和监测领域，例如将声音、压力、温度等模拟信号转换为数字信号进行数据处理和保存。在工业自动化、医疗设备、机器人控制等领域也有着广泛的应用。

```python
from machine import Pin, I2C, SoftI2C,ADC

i2c = SoftI2C(scl=Pin(7), sda=Pin(6))
adc = ADC(Pin(2),atten=ADC.ATTN_11DB)
adc.width(ADC.WIDTH_12BIT)

value = adc.read()
```

2. 温湿度传感器 AHT20
![](https://files.seeedstudio.com/wiki/Grove-AHT20_I2C_Industrial_Grade_Temperature_and_Humidity_Sensor/101990644_4_.png)
AHT20是新一代温湿度传感器，内嵌双排扁平无引线SMD封装，适用于回流焊。AHT20 配备了新设计的 ASIC 芯片：改进的 MEMS 半导体电容式湿度传感器和标准片上温度传感器。AHT20在恶劣环境下的性能比上一代温湿度传感器更稳定，如Grove-温湿度传感器Pro（AM2302/DHT22），事实上，AHT20适用于大多数工业场景。
使用时需要安装、导入ahtx0库

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```python
import ahtx0

i2c = SoftI2C(scl=Pin(7), sda=Pin(6)) 
# 温湿传感器对象
sensor = ahtx0.AHT20(i2c)
# 温度值
sensor.temperature
# 湿度值
sensor.relative_humidity
```

### 二、代码展示
```python
import time,ahtx0,ssd1306
from machine import Pin, I2C, SoftI2C,ADC
import 
import

i2c = SoftI2C(scl=Pin(7), sda=Pin(6))  
oled_width = 128
oled_height = 64

# 屏幕对象
oled = ssd1306.SSD1306_I2C(oled_width, oled_height, i2c)

# 温湿传感器对象
sensor = ahtx0.AHT20(i2c)

# 光线传感器对象
adc = ADC(Pin(2),atten=ADC.ATTN_11DB)
adc.width(ADC.WIDTH_12BIT)

while True:
    # 清屏
    oled.fill(0)
    # 绘制边框
    oled.hline(0,0,128,1)
    oled.hline(0,63,128,1)    
    oled.vline(0,0,64,1)
    oled.vline(127,0,64,1)
    # 标题文字
    oled.text("Follow me 3",20,5,1)
    oled.text("by shazhongjin",10,50,1)
    # 输出温度值
    print("Temperature: %0.2f C" % sensor.temperature)
    oled.text("T: %0.2f C" % sensor.temperature,20,15,1)
    # 输出湿度值
    print("Humidity: %0.2f %%" % sensor.relative_humidity)
    oled.text("H: %0.2f %%" % sensor.relative_humidity,20,25,1)   
    # 读取ADC输入的电压值（0-4095之间）
    value = adc.read()
    # 转换为光照强度
    lux = value / 4095 * 350
    # 输出照度值
    print("Light: %0.2f lux\n" % lux)
    oled.text("L: %0.2f lux" % lux,20,35,1)
    # 显示
    oled.show()
    time.sleep(1)

```

### 三、演示

<div id="player_12572dddea3de1969a7efb24cae08e664" class="localvideo-box"></div><div class="localvideo-title">任务5：使用外部传感器</div><br/>

---
参考资料：
[Grove - AHT20 I2C Industrial Grade Temperature&Humidity Sensor](https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/Grove-AHT20-I2C-Industrial-Grade-Temperature&Humidity-Sensor/ "Grove - AHT20 I2C Industrial Grade Temperature&Humidity Sensor")
[Grove - Light Sensor](https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/Grove-Light_Sensor/ "Grove - Light Sensor")
[【硬件外设使用】——ADC](https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45020839/article/details/130215033 "【硬件外设使用】——ADC")
[micropython读取AHT20温湿度数据](https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41483458/article/details/134484661 "micropython读取AHT20温湿度数据")

## 任务6：温湿度数据记录仪

定时记录温湿度传感器的值，并展示出来。可记录到开发板内置存储中

任务要点：

1. 记录温湿度传感器的值，并展示出来。
2. 将传感器记录值保存在开发板SD卡存储中。

### 一、界面展示设计

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界面展示效果

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### 二、读取MicroSD card

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根据扩展板的[官网资料](https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/Seeeduino-XIAO-Expansion-Board/#pinout-diagram "官网资料")对应SPI的接线说明如下。

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1. 点击包管理工具，安装sdcard库如下图所示。

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2. 使用测试代码写入到SD卡“hello.txt”。

```python
# 接线说明:
# MISO -> GPIO9
# MOSI -> GPIO10
# SCK  -> GPIO8
# CS   -> GPIO4

# 测试读取SD卡
import sdcard, os
from machine import Pin,SPI

spi = SPI(1, sck=Pin(8), mosi=Pin(10), miso=Pin(9))
# 获取sdcard对象
sd = sdcard.SDCard(spi, Pin(4))
# 挂载SD卡到/sd目录
os.mount(sd, '/sd')
f = open('/sd/hello.txt','w')
f.write('test write file to sdcard')
f.close()
print(os.listdir('/sd'))
```

3. 刷新MicroPython设备文件，查看“hello.txt”是否存在。

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### 二、代码展示
```python
import os,time,ahtx0,ssd1306
from sdcard import SDCard
from machine import Pin, I2C, SoftI2C,SPI,SoftSPI

i2c = SoftI2C(scl=Pin(7), sda=Pin(6))
spi = SPI(1, sck=Pin(8), mosi=Pin(10), miso=Pin(9))

oled_width = 128
oled_height = 64
oled = ssd1306.SSD1306_I2C(oled_width, oled_height, i2c)

# 获取传感器对象
sensor = ahtx0.AHT20(i2c)

# 扩展板按键
user_button = Pin(3, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)

# 获取sdcard对象
sd = SDCard(spi, Pin(4))
# 挂载SD卡到/sd目录
os.mount(sd, '/sd')

tempcache = []
humicache = []
show_mode = 0

# 绘制温度线
def drawTempLine(templist):
    l = len(templist) - 1    
    x = 127
    # Y 34 Is Temp 0
    while l >= 0 and x >= 25:   
        rtemplist = list(reversed(templist))
        temp = rtemplist[l]
        tempy = -int(temp)  + 34
        oled.pixel(x,tempy,1)
        x -=1
        l -= 1

# 绘制湿度线
def drawHumiLine(humilist):
    l = len(humilist) - 1    
    x = 127
    # Y 34 Is Temp 0
    while l >= 0 and x >= 25:   
        rhumilist = list(reversed(humilist))
        humi = rhumilist[l]
        humiy = -(55 / 100 * humi) + 55
        oled.pixel(x,int(humiy),1)
        x -=1
        l -= 1
        
# 判断文件夹是否存在
def exists(path):
  try:
    os.stat(path)
    return True
  except OSError:
    return False

# 写入闪存
def writeflash(t,h):
    local_time = time.localtime()
    print(local_time)
    
    savepath = "/sd/Recorder"
    if not exists(savepath):
        os.mkdir(savepath)
        
    with open(f"{savepath}/{local_time[0]}{local_time[1]}{local_time[2]}.txt", 'a') as file:
        lines = f"{local_time[0]}-{local_time[1]}-{local_time[2]} {local_time[3]}:{local_time[4]}:{local_time[5]} 温度：{t} 湿度：{h}" + '\n'
        file.write(lines)
        
while True:
    oled.fill(0)
    
    if user_button.value() == 0:
        if show_mode == 0:
            show_mode = 1
        else:
            show_mode = 0

print("\nTemperature: %0.2f C" % sensor.temperature)
    print("Humidity: %0.2f %%" % sensor.relative_humidity)
    
    writeflash(sensor.temperature,sensor.relative_humidity)
    
    # show_mode 为0时显示温度
    if show_mode == 0:    
        oled.hline(24,55,128,1)
        oled.vline(24,0,56,1)
        oled.text("-15",0,48,1)
        oled.text("  0",0,30,1)
        oled.text("+35",0,0,1)
        oled.text("T: %0.2f C" % sensor.temperature,45,57,1)       
        tempcache.insert(0,sensor.temperature)
        drawTempLine(tempcache)
    else:
        oled.hline(24,55,128,1)
        oled.vline(24,0,56,1)
        oled.text("  0",0,48,1)
        oled.text(" 50",0,24,1)
        oled.text("100",0,0,1)
        oled.text("H: %0.2f %%" % sensor.relative_humidity,45,57,1)       
        humicache.insert(0,sensor.relative_humidity)
        drawHumiLine(humicache)
        
    oled.show()
    time.sleep(1)

```

### 三、演示

<div id="player_2e1329edc8220b54fc704cd64e64e6405" class="localvideo-box"></div><div class="localvideo-title">任务6：温湿度数据记录仪</div><br/>

# 总结
通过本期学习，熟悉了开发板从0开始刷入系统、使用IDE、以及了解MicroPython的使用，Thonny这个IDE在代码智能提示比较不足，也看了论坛中有其他大神使用vscode来操作开发板。这次较比上次还是很有收获的。也初步了解了开发的GPIO引脚的定义和使用。感谢 DigiKey得捷 | 电子工程世界EEWorld 举办的活动，祝活动越办越好！

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