50“万里”树莓派小车——小车的构成与组装
<div class='showpostmsg'> 本帖最后由 lb8820265 于 2024-3-6 21:23 编辑<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> 当前“万里”小车主要由购买的模块与小车底座构成,包括前面的“PicoW主控小车”和接下来的“PicoW+树莓派小车”</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><b>PicoW主控小车</b></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> 一个最简单的小车,由以下几个部分构成。</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">组成</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">型号参数</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">底盘</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">2电机,1万向轮的差速底盘</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">电机</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">12V,300rpm减速电机,带500线编码器</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">电机驱动</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">TB6612FNG(VM=15V,IOUT=1.2A)</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">电池</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">3S 11.1V 2200mAh锂电池</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">电源</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">Mini560(5~20V输入,3.3V 4A输出)</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">控制板</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">PicoW模块</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px;"> 使用洞洞板将PicoW、电源模块、电机驱动、电机和电池连接起来。使用嘉立创标准版绘制原理图如下。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> 由于是洞洞板,尽量保证连接最短,在PCU中进行布局如下。</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> 在洞洞板上连接如下。</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px;">最后组装整个小车。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px;"> </span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"><b>PicoW+树莓派小车</b></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> PicoW作为主控的小车,能够实现的功能有限,接下来可以将树莓派4B、摄像头和舵机加入进去,在前面的硬件的基础上,添加如下的硬件。</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">组成</span></span></p>
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<td style="border-bottom:1px solid black; border-top:1px solid black; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black" valign="top">
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">型号参数</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">电源</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">MPS MEZS91202A模块X2</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">树莓派</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">树莓派4B</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">舵机+支架</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">数字舵机X2</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">摄像头</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">CSI接口树莓派摄像头</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> 由于原来的小电源模块带不树莓派而且在舵机工作下电压波动剧烈,因此将电源模块更换成了MPS公司 MEZS91202A模块,这是一款 USB 充电器模块,具有 7-36V 输入、350kHz、2.5A 负载电流、5V 输出,效率高达 95%。这款电源模块堪称完美。</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> 系统硬件连接框图如下图所示。</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> 小车的硬件主要以树莓派4B和PicoW为中心。3S锂电池通过两个MPS电源模块分别给树莓派4B和PicoW供电,树莓派4B连接CSI树莓派摄像头,PicoW连接了包括包括舵机云台,编码器,电机驱动模块。电机驱动模块接受3S电池供电,MPS电源模块供电,和PicoW控制,然后连接直流电机。直流电机转速信息被编码器获取,然后反馈给PicoW,这样就可以进行稳定的速度控制,树莓派4B、PicoW、电脑、手机都连接在同一个无线路由器上。</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> 各模块之间通过洞洞板连接,洞洞板如下图所示。</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> 硬件连接原理图如下图所示。</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> </span></span></p>
<p> <span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;">这并不是最终的小车结构,以后还会有雷达、语音模块和屏幕等,底盘自行DIY,结构也会进一步完善。</span></span></p>
<div><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Arial;"> 嘉立创原理图源文件:</span></span><span style="display: none;"> </span></div>
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