【微雪 RP2040双核开发板】四汉子字库汉子显示

小火苗 发表于 2023-1-11 13:54

资料：

<div></div>

<h2 >一、Pycharm开发环境配置</h2>

1.安装micropython插件

 

  

2.关联pico

 

  

3.代码测试

  

 

 

 

 

 

<h2 >二、汉子字库显示参考资料</h2>

 

下面分享前辈的设计理念即步骤教程。。

1.1.micropython 汉子开发 （字库版）

<a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/av599593694/" title="https://www.bilibili.com/video/av599593694/">https://www.bilibili.com/video/av599593694/</a>    

1.2.micropython 字库生成

<a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1YD4y16739/?spm_id_from=333.788.video.desc.click" title="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1YD4y16739/?spm_id_from=333.788.video.desc.click">https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1YD4y16739/?spm_id_from=333.788.video.desc.click</a>  

1.3.MicroPython 中文字库

https://github.com/AntonVanke/MicroPython-Chinese-Font

1.4.点阵字体自定义工具

<a href="https://github.com/AntonVanke/MicroPython_BitMap_Tool">https://github.com/AntonVanke/MicroPython_BitMap_Tool</a>

 

2.ESP32 汉子显示（取模版）

https://www.cnblogs.com/juwan/p/13198330.html

<h1 >3.ssd1306OLED中文显示-MicroPython-<a href="https://so.csdn.net/so/search?q=ESP32&spm=1001.2101.3001.7020">ESP32</a>-利用GB2312字库（非手动取模）</h1>

fb增强固件及字库.rar，这个很关键，正常的固件都不支持字库的方式显示字库。首先是没有字库对应的解析文件，就是根据汉子编码获取汉子的点阵信息。然后是microPython仅支持UTF-8

<a href="https://blog.csdn.net/hehedadaq/article/details/117596103">https://blog.csdn.net/hehedadaq/article/details/117596103</a>

 

 

以上三种方式，第二种是最容易实现的，方法思路都很简单方便，第三种受固件限制，扩平台几乎不太可能，所以我最终使用的第一种通用的方式实现的。

 

<ul>
<li >实际显示效果</li>
</ul>

  

  

<ol>
<li >实际效果如图所示，常用的3500个汉字以及英文字母和标点符号等都可以调用显示，字符的大小也可以切换。</li>
</ol>

 

<ul>
<li align="justify" >前期准备和大神的设计思路</li>
</ul>

1、大神写的实践步骤

 

# MicroPython-Chinese

 

MicroPython 的中文显示模块，使其可以在显示模块上显示汉字。此外也可以自定义字体集，使其能够满足不同存储空间、不同语言的要求。

 

### 资源

 

](https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV12B4y1B7Ff/)

 

(./doc/MicroPython%20中文字库的使用演示文档.md)

 

[如何生成点阵字体文件](https://github.com/AntonVanke/MicroPython_BitMap_Tools/blob/master/doc/如何生成点阵字体文件.md)

 

### 简单上手

 

所需

 

1. 运行 `micropython` 的开发板

2. 使用 `SSD1306 驱动芯片`的 `OLED 128*64` 屏幕

3. 拥有至少 `512Kbyte` 的空闲 ROM 空间和 `20 Kbyte`的空闲内存

 

**两步操作**

 

1. 将 `demo/ssd1306_demo.py`文件修改为你所连接的引脚

 

   ```python

   i2c = I2C(scl=Pin(2), sda=Pin(3))  # line 16

   ```

 

2. 依次将`demo/ssd1306_demo.py`、`driver/ssd1306.py`、`ufont.py`、`unifont-14-12888-16.v3.bmf`上传到**开发板根目录**，运行`ssd1306_demo.py`即可

 

图片

 

如果你运行成功了，正常情况下是会显示

 

   <img src="https://s1.ax1x.com/2022/07/31/vFBplT.jpg" alt="运行效果" style="zoom: 33%;" />

 

### 使用方法

 

**项目文件**

 

```shell

.

├── LICENSE

├── README.md

├── demo

│   ├── epaper1in54_demo.py  # 1.54 英寸墨水屏例子

│   ├── ssd1306_demo.py  # 0.96 英寸 OLED 例子

│   └── st7735_demo.py  # 合宙 Air10x 系列屏幕扩展板驱动例子(不完善)

├── doc

│   ├── MicroPython 中文字库的使用演示文档.md

│   └── 如何生成点阵字体文件.md

├── driver

│   ├── e1in54.py  # 1.54 英寸墨水屏驱动

│   ├── ssd1306.py  # 0.96 英寸 OLED 驱动

│   └── st7735.py  # 合宙 Air10x 系列屏幕扩展板驱动

├── requirements.txt  # python 库需求文件

├── ufont.py  # ⭐库文件

└── unifont-14-12888-16.v3.bmf  # ⭐生成的点阵字体

 

```

 

上传`ufont.py`、`unifont-14-12888-16.v3.bmf`到`MicroPython`根目录

 

**对于**`SSD1306(OLED 128*64)`

 

```python

from machine import Pin, I2C

 

import ssd1306

import ufont

 

i2c = I2C(scl=Pin(2), sda=Pin(3))  # 定义 I2C 管脚

display = ssd1306.SSD1306_I2C(128, 64, i2c)  # 驱动对象

 

f = ufont.BMFont("unifont-14-12888-16.v3.bmf")  # 中文显示对象

 

f.text(

    display=display,  # 显示对象必要

    string="",  # 显示的文字必要

    x=0,  # x 轴

    y=0,  # y 轴

    color=1,  # 颜色默认是 1(黑白)

    font_size=16, # 字号(像素)

    reverse=False, # 逆置(墨水屏会用到)

    clear=False,  # 显示前清屏

    show=False  # 是否立即显示

)

```

 

**对于**`st7735(80*160)[合宙 Air10x 系列屏幕扩展板]`

 

详见(/doc/MicroPython%20中文字库的使用演示文档.md)

 

### 字体生成

 

#### 下载应用程序

 

(https://github.com/AntonVanke/MicroPython_BitMap_Tools/releases/tag/v0.0.1)

 

#### 详见

 

[如何生成点阵字体文件](https://github.com/AntonVanke/MicroPython_BitMap_Tools/blob/master/doc/如何生成点阵字体文件.md)

 

### 生成的字体文件格式

 

![点阵字体文件格式](https://s1.ax1x.com/2022/07/31/vkQ9u6.jpg)

 

### 注意事项

 

1. 采用`Framebuf`缓冲区的驱动才能够使用

2. 最好全程使用推荐字号(16px)否则会有各种各样的问题

3. 主要缓冲区内存不足的问题(尤其是TFT屏幕)

 

 

<ol start="2">
<li >实际区别</li>
</ol>

首先是芯片不同，固件不同，然后是显示屏的不同。相同的是字库文件相同，最后的实际字库代码略微调整。

所以在这个汉子的实践过程最主要的工作内容就是代码的移植。

3、准备文件

首先准备微雪的LCD显示列成代码（RP2040-LCD-1.28.py）和LCD用的固件（rp2-pico-20220117-v1.18.uf2），主要用做显示的驱动和主要函数代码。

然后准备使用的字库文件（unifont-14-12888-16.v3.bmf）和字库的解析程序（ufont），因为微雪官方提供的LCDDome是没有汉子显示的，其例程序可以画点、画线、字符显示等基础功能。

 

 

 

<ul>
<li >程序移植开发</li>
</ul>

1.首先固件下载到pico当中，然后测试一下LCDDome工程。详细的操作可以查看此链接https://bbs.eeworld.com.cn/thread-1229748-1-1.html

2.将字库文件和字库解析文件下载到pico中，字库使用的是Unicode编码，并非GKB编码。如图所示：

  

3.代码功能块和作用

3.1代码内容的概述在代码程序中已备注的形式体现。当前状态程序内汉子字符不能直接转为Unicode的十六进制，目前也不在想继续开发这块代码，对于我这初学者来说进坑有点多有点耗时。

 

# encoding:utf-8

from machine import Pin,I2C,SPI,PWM,ADC

import framebuf

 

import time

import random

import ufont      #字库解码程序文件调用

import binascii

 

 

I2C_SDA = 6        # I2C引脚声明陀螺仪用

I2C_SDL = 7

 

DC = 8             # LCD引脚声明

CS = 9

SCK = 10

MOSI = 11

RST = 12

 

BL = 25            #LCD背光

 

Vbat_Pin = 29      #电池电压检测引脚

 

 

 

class LCD_1inch28(framebuf.FrameBuffer):   #LCD初始化和子函数

    def __init__(self):

        self.width = 240

        self.height = 240

        

        self.cs = Pin(CS,Pin.OUT)

        self.rst = Pin(RST,Pin.OUT)

        

        self.cs(1)

        self.spi = SPI(1,100_000_000,polarity=0, phase=0,sck=Pin(SCK),mosi=Pin(MOSI),miso=None)

        self.dc = Pin(DC,Pin.OUT)

        self.dc(1)

        self.buffer = bytearray(self.height * self.width * 2)

        super().__init__(self.buffer, self.width, self.height, framebuf.RGB565)

        self.init_display()

        

        self.red   =   0x07E0

        self.green =   0x001f

        self.blue  =   0xf800

        self.white =   0xffff

        self.colorData = bytearray(2)

        self.windowLocData = bytearray(4)

        self.fill(self.white)

        self.show()

 

        self.pwm = PWM(Pin(BL))

        self.pwm.freq(1000)

        

    def write_cmd(self, cmd):

        self.cs(1)

        self.dc(0)

        self.cs(0)

        self.spi.write(bytearray())

        self.cs(1)

 

    def write_data(self, buf):

        self.cs(1)

        self.dc(1)

        self.cs(0)

        self.spi.write(bytearray())

        self.cs(1)

    def set_bl_pwm(self,duty):

        self.pwm.duty_u16(duty)#max 65535

    def init_display(self):

        """Initialize dispaly"""  

        self.rst(1)

        time.sleep(0.01)

        self.rst(0)

        time.sleep(0.01)

        self.rst(1)

        time.sleep(0.05)

        

        self.write_cmd(0xEF)

        self.write_cmd(0xEB)

        self.write_data(0x14)

        

        self.write_cmd(0xFE)

        self.write_cmd(0xEF)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xEB)

        self.write_data(0x14)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x84)

        self.write_data(0x40)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x85)

        self.write_data(0xFF)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x86)

        self.write_data(0xFF)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x87)

        self.write_data(0xFF)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x88)

        self.write_data(0x0A)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x89)

        self.write_data(0x21)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x8A)

        self.write_data(0x00)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x8B)

        self.write_data(0x80)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x8C)

        self.write_data(0x01)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x8D)

        self.write_data(0x01)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x8E)

        self.write_data(0xFF)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x8F)

        self.write_data(0xFF)

 

 

        self.write_cmd(0xB6)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x20)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x36)

        self.write_data(0x98)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x3A)

        self.write_data(0x05)

 

 

        self.write_cmd(0x90)

        self.write_data(0x08)

        self.write_data(0x08)

        self.write_data(0x08)

        self.write_data(0x08)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xBD)

        self.write_data(0x06)

        

        self.write_cmd(0xBC)

        self.write_data(0x00)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xFF)

        self.write_data(0x60)

        self.write_data(0x01)

        self.write_data(0x04)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xC3)

        self.write_data(0x13)

        self.write_cmd(0xC4)

        self.write_data(0x13)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xC9)

        self.write_data(0x22)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xBE)

        self.write_data(0x11)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xE1)

        self.write_data(0x10)

        self.write_data(0x0E)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xDF)

        self.write_data(0x21)

        self.write_data(0x0c)

        self.write_data(0x02)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xF0)   

        self.write_data(0x45)

        self.write_data(0x09)

        self.write_data(0x08)

        self.write_data(0x08)

        self.write_data(0x26)

        self.write_data(0x2A)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xF1)    

        self.write_data(0x43)

        self.write_data(0x70)

        self.write_data(0x72)

        self.write_data(0x36)

        self.write_data(0x37)  

        self.write_data(0x6F)

 

 

        self.write_cmd(0xF2)   

        self.write_data(0x45)

        self.write_data(0x09)

        self.write_data(0x08)

        self.write_data(0x08)

        self.write_data(0x26)

        self.write_data(0x2A)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xF3)   

        self.write_data(0x43)

        self.write_data(0x70)

        self.write_data(0x72)

        self.write_data(0x36)

        self.write_data(0x37)

        self.write_data(0x6F)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xED)

        self.write_data(0x1B)

        self.write_data(0x0B)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xAE)

        self.write_data(0x77)

        

        self.write_cmd(0xCD)

        self.write_data(0x63)

 

 

        self.write_cmd(0x70)

        self.write_data(0x07)

        self.write_data(0x07)

        self.write_data(0x04)

        self.write_data(0x0E)

        self.write_data(0x0F)

        self.write_data(0x09)

        self.write_data(0x07)

        self.write_data(0x08)

        self.write_data(0x03)

 

        self.write_cmd(0xE8)

        self.write_data(0x34)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x62)

        self.write_data(0x18)

        self.write_data(0x0D)

        self.write_data(0x71)

        self.write_data(0xED)

        self.write_data(0x70)

        self.write_data(0x70)

        self.write_data(0x18)

        self.write_data(0x0F)

        self.write_data(0x71)

        self.write_data(0xEF)

        self.write_data(0x70)

        self.write_data(0x70)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x63)

        self.write_data(0x18)

        self.write_data(0x11)

        self.write_data(0x71)

        self.write_data(0xF1)

        self.write_data(0x70)

        self.write_data(0x70)

        self.write_data(0x18)

        self.write_data(0x13)

        self.write_data(0x71)

        self.write_data(0xF3)

        self.write_data(0x70)

        self.write_data(0x70)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x64)

        self.write_data(0x28)

        self.write_data(0x29)

        self.write_data(0xF1)

        self.write_data(0x01)

        self.write_data(0xF1)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x07)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x66)

        self.write_data(0x3C)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0xCD)

        self.write_data(0x67)

        self.write_data(0x45)

        self.write_data(0x45)

        self.write_data(0x10)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x00)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x67)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x3C)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x01)

        self.write_data(0x54)

        self.write_data(0x10)

        self.write_data(0x32)

        self.write_data(0x98)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x74)

        self.write_data(0x10)

        self.write_data(0x85)

        self.write_data(0x80)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x4E)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        

        self.write_cmd(0x98)

        self.write_data(0x3e)

        self.write_data(0x07)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x35)

        self.write_cmd(0x21)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x11)

        time.sleep(0.12)

        self.write_cmd(0x29)

        time.sleep(0.02)

        

        self.write_cmd(0x21)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x11)

 

        self.write_cmd(0x29)

 

    def show(self):

        self.write_cmd(0x2A)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0xef)

        

        self.write_cmd(0x2B)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0x00)

        self.write_data(0xEF)

        

        self.write_cmd(0x2C)

        

        self.cs(1)

        self.dc(1)

        self.cs(0)

        self.spi.write(self.buffer)

        self.cs(1)

 

    def _writedata( self, aData ) :

        '''Write given data to the device.  This may be

        either a single int or a bytearray of values.'''

        self.cs(1)

        self.dc(1)

        self.cs(0)

        self.spi.write(aData)

        self.cs(1)

 

    def _pushcolor( self, aColor ) :

        self.colorData = aColor >> 8

        self.colorData = aColor

        self._writedata(self.colorData)

 

class QMI8658(object): #陀螺仪初始化以及陀螺仪函数

    def __init__(self,address=0X6B):

        self._address = address

        self._bus = I2C(id=1,scl=Pin(I2C_SDL),sda=Pin(I2C_SDA),freq=100_000)

        bRet=self.WhoAmI()

        if bRet :

            self.Read_Revision()

        else    :

            return 0

        self.Config_apply()

 

    def _read_byte(self,cmd):

        rec=self._bus.readfrom_mem(int(self._address),int(cmd),1)

        return rec

    def _read_block(self, reg, length=1):

        rec=self._bus.readfrom_mem(int(self._address),int(reg),length)

        return rec

    def _read_u16(self,cmd):

        LSB = self._bus.readfrom_mem(int(self._address),int(cmd),1)

        MSB = self._bus.readfrom_mem(int(self._address),int(cmd)+1,1)

        return (MSB << 8) + LSB

    def _write_byte(self,cmd,val):

        self._bus.writeto_mem(int(self._address),int(cmd),bytes())

        

    def WhoAmI(self):

        bRet=False

        if (0x05) == self._read_byte(0x00):

            bRet = True

        return bRet

    def Read_Revision(self):

        return self._read_byte(0x01)

    def Config_apply(self):

        # REG CTRL1

        self._write_byte(0x02,0x60)

        # REG CTRL2 : QMI8658AccRange_8g  and QMI8658AccOdr_1000Hz

        self._write_byte(0x03,0x23)

        # REG CTRL3 : QMI8658GyrRange_512dps and QMI8658GyrOdr_1000Hz

        self._write_byte(0x04,0x53)

        # REG CTRL4 : No

        self._write_byte(0x05,0x00)

        # REG CTRL5 : Enable Gyroscope And Accelerometer Low-Pass Filter

        self._write_byte(0x06,0x11)

        # REG CTRL6 : Disables Motion on Demand.

        self._write_byte(0x07,0x00)

        # REG CTRL7 : Enable Gyroscope And Accelerometer

        self._write_byte(0x08,0x03)

 

    def Read_Raw_XYZ(self):

        xyz=

        raw_timestamp = self._read_block(0x30,3)

        raw_acc_xyz=self._read_block(0x35,6)

        raw_gyro_xyz=self._read_block(0x3b,6)

        raw_xyz=self._read_block(0x35,12)

        timestamp = (raw_timestamp<<16)|(raw_timestamp<<8)|(raw_timestamp)

        for i in range(6):

            # xyz=(raw_acc_xyz[(i*2)+1]<<8)|(raw_acc_xyz)

            # xyz=(raw_gyro_xyz[((i+3)*2)+1]<<8)|(raw_gyro_xyz[(i+3)*2])

            xyz = (raw_xyz[(i*2)+1]<<8)|(raw_xyz)

            if xyz >= 32767:

                xyz = xyz-65535

        return xyz

    def Read_XYZ(self):

        xyz=

        raw_xyz=self.Read_Raw_XYZ()  

        #QMI8658AccRange_8g

        acc_lsb_div=(1<<12)

        #QMI8658GyrRange_512dps

        gyro_lsb_div = 64

        for i in range(3):

            xyz=raw_xyz/acc_lsb_div#(acc_lsb_div/1000.0)

            xyz=raw_xyz*1.0/gyro_lsb_div

        return xyz

 

def TFTColor( aR, aG, aB ) :

  '''Create a 16 bit rgb value from the given R,G,B from 0-255.

     This assumes rgb 565 layout and will be incorrect for bgr.'''

  return ((aR & 0xF8) << 8) | ((aG & 0xFC) << 3) | (aB >> 3)

 

 

 

class utf8_gb2312(object): #utf-8 转 GB2312编码在此没有用到

    def __init__(self):

        self.f = open('font.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8')

 

    def b2i(self, byte):  # bytes转int

        r = 0

        for i in range(len(byte)):

            r = (r << 8) + byte

        return r

 

    def i2b(self, num):  # int转bytes

        num = int(num, 16)

        return num.to_bytes(2, 'big')

 

    def one_char(self, char):  # 将一个字符转化成gb2312

        utf_byte = char.encode('utf-8')

        r = self.B_S(0, 7296, self.b2i(utf_byte))

        gb2312_byte = self.i2b(r)

        # print(gb2312_byte)

        return gb2312_byte

 

    def str(self, st):  # 将字符串转化成gb2312

        r = b''

        for s in st:

            # print(s.encode('utf-8'))

            if len(s.encode('utf-8')) <= 1:

                r += s.encode('utf-8')

            else:

                r += self.one_char(s)

        return r

 

    def B_S(self, low, high, m):  # 二分查找

        if 0 <= low <= high <= 7296:

            mid = (low + high) // 2

            self.f.seek(mid * 12)

            data = self.f.read(12)

            utf = data

            if int(utf, 16) < m:

                return self.B_S(mid + 1, high, m)

            elif int(utf, 16) > m:

                return self.B_S(low, mid - 1, m)

            else:

                return data

 

    def __del__(self):

        self.f.close()

 

'''

if __name__ == '__main__':

    font = utf8_gb2312()

    

    r = font.one_char('中')

    print(r)

    print(r.decode('gb2312'))

    r = font.str("起风了Abc123-")

    print(r)

    print(r.decode('gb2312'))

 

'''

 

if __name__=='__main__':

  

    LCD = LCD_1inch28()#初始化LCD

    LCD.set_bl_pwm(65535)#初始化背光

    qmi8658=QMI8658()#初始化陀螺仪

    Vbat= ADC(Pin(Vbat_Pin))   #初始化ADC电压采集

    print(issubclass(LCD_1inch28, framebuf.FrameBuffer))

    f = ufont.BMFont("unifont-14-12888-16.v3.bmf") # 加载字库 Unicode字库不仅有汉子还有字符串

    #f = ufont.BMFont("GB2312.DZK")

    f.text(LCD,"0123456",0,80,120,LCD.white,font_size=16,reverse=True,show=True) #文字显示函数

    '''

    文字显示函数的内容介绍

    display=display,  # 显示对象必要

    string="",  # 显示的文字字符串必要

    hz=,  # 汉子显示如果汉子显示设置string为'?' 如果显示字符hz=0

    x=0,  # x 轴

    y=0,  # y 轴

    color=1,  # 颜色默认是 1(黑白)

    font_size=16, # 字号(像素)

    reverse=False, # 逆置(墨水屏会用到)

    clear=False,  # 显示前清屏

    show=False  # 是否立即显示

    '''

    

    #取模方式显示汉子 start    

    pattern = [0x81,0x00,0x41,0x00,0x21,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x09,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x80,0x03,0x80,

0x04,0xC0,0x04,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x30,0x10,0x18,0x20,0x0C,0x40,0x06,0x80,0x03]

    buf = framebuf.FrameBuffer(bytearray(pattern), 16, 16, framebuf.MONO_HLSB)

    #LCD.blit(buf, 140, 140,LCD.white)

    #取模方式显示汉子 end

    while(True):

        #read QMI8658

        '''

        隐藏部分为微雪Dome列出内容

        xyz=qmi8658.Read_XYZ()

        

        LCD.fill(LCD.white)

        

        LCD.fill_rect(0,0,240,40,LCD.red)

        LCD.text("RP2040-LCD-1.28",60,25,LCD.white)

        

        LCD.fill_rect(0,40,240,40,LCD.blue)

        #LCD.text(display,"浣犲ソ寰�杞�闆呴粦",80,57,LCD.white)

        

        LCD.fill_rect(0,80,120,120,0x1805)

        LCD.text("ACC_X={:+.2f}".format(xyz),20,100-3,LCD.white)

        LCD.text("ACC_Y={:+.2f}".format(xyz),20,140-3,LCD.white)

        LCD.text("ACC_Z={:+.2f}".format(xyz),20,180-3,LCD.white)

 

        LCD.fill_rect(120,80,120,120,0xF073)

        LCD.text("GYR_X={:+3.2f}".format(xyz),125,100-3,LCD.white)

        LCD.text("GYR_Y={:+3.2f}".format(xyz),125,140-3,LCD.white)

        LCD.text("GYR_Z={:+3.2f}".format(xyz),125,180-3,LCD.white)

        

        LCD.fill_rect(0,200,240,40,0x180f)

        reading = Vbat.read_u16()*3.3/65535*2

        LCD.text("Vbat={:.2f}".format(reading),80,215,LCD.white)

        

        LCD.show()

        #'''       

        # 循环内循环的扫描显示内容

        f.text(LCD,"chinese",0,80,57,LCD.white,font_size=24,reverse=True,show=True)

        #utf-8 转 GB2312编码因为开始的时候以为使用的是GBk编码在网上找到了此段代码

        font = utf8_gb2312()

    

        r = font.one_char('撑')

        #print(r)

        #utf-8 转 GB2312编码

        

        #f.char(LCD,"我", reverse=True, color=0xffff, font_size=16)

        #汉子显示初步完成

        hzst = 

        

        #LCD显示  汉子显示目前是逐个字的显示，还有待优化

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,20,90,LCD.white,font_size=16,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,40,90,LCD.white,font_size=16,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,60,90,LCD.white,font_size=16,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,80,90,LCD.white,font_size=16,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,100,90,LCD.white,font_size=16,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,120,90,LCD.white,font_size=16,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,140,90,LCD.white,font_size=16,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,160,90,LCD.white,font_size=16,reverse=True,show=True)

        

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,20,150,LCD.white,font_size=24,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,44,150,LCD.white,font_size=24,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,68,150,LCD.white,font_size=24,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,92,150,LCD.white,font_size=24,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,116,150,LCD.white,font_size=24,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,120,150,LCD.white,font_size=24,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,144,150,LCD.white,font_size=24,reverse=True,show=True)

        f.text(LCD,'?',hzst,168,150,LCD.white,font_size=24,reverse=True,show=True)

        '''

        隐藏代码为微雪Dome程序

        RED = TFTColor(0xFF, 0x00, 0x00)

        f=open('spaceman.bmp', 'rb')

        if f.read(2) == b'BM':  #header

            print('Hello MicroPython.bmp')

            dummy = f.read(8) #file size(4), creator bytes(4)

            print('dummy',dummy)

            offset = int.from_bytes(f.read(4), 'little')

            print('offset',offset).

            hdrsize = int.from_bytes(f.read(4), 'little')

            print('hdrsize',hdrsize)

            width = int.from_bytes(f.read(4), 'little')

            

            height = int.from_bytes(f.read(4), 'little')

            #RGB = bytearray(172800)

            #RGB = f.read(57600)

            #print('RGB',RGB)

            if int.from_bytes(f.read(2), 'little') == 1: #planes must be 1

                print('fsit MicroPython.bmp')

                depth = int.from_bytes(f.read(2), 'little')

                if depth == 24 and int.from_bytes(f.read(4), 'little') == 0:#compress method == uncompressed

                    print("Image size:", width, "x", height)

                    rowsize = (width * 3 + 3) & ~3

                    if height < 0:

                        height = -height

                        flip = False

                    else:

                        flip = True

                    w, h = width, height

                    

                    

                    for row in range(h):

                        if flip:

                            pos = offset + (height - 1 - row) * rowsize

                        else:

                            pos = offset + row * rowsize

                        if f.tell() != pos:

                            dummy = f.seek(pos)

                        for col in range(w):

                            bgr = bytearray(4)

                            bgr = f.read(3)

                            

 

                            #print('bgr',bgr)

                            LCD._pushcolor(TFTColor(0xFF, 0x00, 0x00))

 

                LCD.show()

        '''

        

        time.sleep(0.1) # 延时

        

 

 

3.2 .ufont.Py 部分内容说明，大神代码在文件前声明版本为Python __version__ = 3 但我的环境下运行的仍然是microPython V1.13 所以代码功能是有缺失的。

（1）word_code = ord(word) 将字符转换成十六进制，但是不能转换汉子。Python3 可以使用hz = hex(ord('中'))函数将汉子编码进行转换，但micropython不能直接转。

（2）如图所示此函数用于输入字符或汉子编码，根据输入得到点阵数据

（3）struct.unpack(">H", self.font.read(2)) 解包邴杜初字库内的十六进制点阵数据

  

 

<ol start="4">
<li >其余功能在代码中有注释，详情查看代码</li>
</ol>

 

 

<ul>
<li >心酸路程</li>
</ul>

 

<h2 >micropython编码</h2>

计划使用字库的方案做个汉子显示，如此可以兼容简体中文常用的3500多个汉子，要想使用此方案，就需要制作字库，需要转码，程序内的汉子字符需要转成十六进制用来调取字库内的点阵数据。

1.简述ASCII、Unicode、GBK、UTF-8编码的区别

ASCII：使用一个字节编码，所以它的范围基本是只有英文字母、数字和一些特殊符号，只有256个字符，使用8位二进制表示信息。

Unicode：使用32位表示信息，Unicode一般用于计算机内存中做计算。

GBK：只用来编码汉字的，GBK全称《汉字内码扩展规范》。使用双字节编码，一个中文占2个字节。

UTF-8：压缩Unicode，使用8位二进制表示信息，用尽量少的位数来表示信息，节省存储空间。UTF-8中一个中文占3个字节，UTF-8一般可用于网络传输和数据存储

 

<ol start="2">
<li >MicroPython</li>
</ol>

MicroPython个人用的也不是很多，对其不是完全的了解，在此阶段的开发学习中遇到了很多的困难。

<ol>
<li >MicroPython是Python3编程语言的精简高效实现，包括Python标准款的一小部分，并且经过优化，可在微控制器和受限环境中运行。</li>
<li >MicroPython的编码格式是UTF-8，不支持GBK等其他格式，Python3的编码格式是以Unicode为主并且支持utf-8的格式。Python3以下也需要注意。</li>
<li >下面是我测试的过程</li>
</ol>

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

如图所示：Thonny开发工具，运行的解释器是Raspberry Pi Pico

  

如图所示：thonny默认的解释器如图所示，即可以正确的执行，一个汉字两个字节，因为默认的解释器是Python3.版本

 

  

如图所示：PyCharm开发工具汉子转码为正确的，但是运行代码的是软件自带仿真，而不是实际的开发板上。此时的运行环境实际是Python3，多以转换是正确的的。

Jacktang 发表于 2023-1-26 23:43

幸亏有这么多汉子字库显示资料参考。

MicroPython经过优化，可在微控制器和受限环境中运行，这个好

lkh747566933 发表于 2023-1-28 18:11

可惜我是个硬件工程师，软件没学好，看天书一样，不懂啊！

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【微雪 RP2040双核开发板】四 汉子字库 汉子显示

【微雪 RP2040双核开发板】四汉子字库汉子显示