【微雪 RP2040双核开发板】评测2-绘制函数图形
<div class='showpostmsg'><p align="center"><a name="_Hlk121261610"></a><b>【微雪</b><b> RP2040</b><b>双核开发板】评测</b><b>2-</b><b>绘制函数图形</b></p><p align="center" > </p>
<p >MicroPython 的matplotlib、turtle具有丰富的图形绘制功能，但RP2040-LCD-1.28的MicroPython并未集成，仅提供了framebuf库，起基本图形绘制<a href="https://home.eeworld.com.cn/space-uid-637976.html" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline" target="_blank">DDZZ669</a>作者在<a href="https://bbs.eeworld.com.cn/thread-1226547-1-1.html" style="color:blue; text-decoration:underline">玩转RP2040之LCD绘制基本形状测试 </a>已经作了详细介绍，在此不重复。但framebuf不具备画斜线、圆弧等功能，本文讲提供斜线、圆弧的python程序。</p>
<p >主要用到framebuf.pixel()函数，具体格式为：</p>
<p >FrameBuffer.pixel(x, y[, c])，x,y为坐标值，c为像素点的颜色。</p>
<p><b>一、画斜线</b></p>
<p >#x1,y1,x2,y2分别为直线的起点和终点坐标,l_width是先宽，line_color是线的颜色</p>
<p >def line(x1,y1,x2,y2,l_width,line_color):</p>
<p > k=y2-y1</p>
<p > k1=x2-x1</p>
<p > l_line=int(math.sqrt(k1*k1+k*k)+0.5)</p>
<p > print(k,l_line,line_color)</p>
<p > for j in range(0,l_line+1):</p>
<p > y3=y1+int(j*k/l_line+0.4)</p>
<p > x3=x1+int(j*k1/l_line+0.4)</p>
<p > print(x3,y3)</p>
<p > for i in range(0,l_width):</p>
<p > LCD.pixel(x3+i,y3,line_color)</p>
<p > </p>
<p><b>二、画圆弧</b></p>
<p >#画圆函数，r半径，sdeg起始角度,edeg结束角度,pen笔的像素，color1笔的颜色</p>
<p >def cir(r,sdeg,edeg,pen,color1):</p>
<p > pens=pen</p>
<p > pencolor=color1</p>
<p > radius=r</p>
<p > for pen in range(1,pens):</p>
<p > rad1=radius-pen</p>
<p > for i in range(sdeg*5,edeg*5):</p>
<p > y=int(rad1*math.sin(math.pi*i/900)+0.5)</p>
<p > x=int(rad1*math.cos(math.pi*i/900)+0.5)</p>
<p > LCD.pixel(120-x,120-y,pencolor)</p>
<p><b>三、正弦函数</b></p>
<p >#画三角函数y=sin(wt），a幅度，w频率,pencolor笔的颜色</p>
<p >def sinef(a,w,pencolor): </p>
<p > y0=0</p>
<p > for i in range(0,720*w,2*w):</p>
<p > x=int(i/3/w)</p>
<p > y1=int(a*math.sin(math.pi*i/360)+0.5)</p>
<p > LCD.pixel(x,120-y1,pencolor)</p>
<p><b>四、运行结果</b></p>
<p >1、画斜线</p>
<p >from machine import Pin,I2C,SPI,PWM,ADC</p>
<p >import framebuf</p>
<p >import time</p>
<p >import math</p>
<p >#import image</p>
<p > </p>
<p >I2C_SDA = 6</p>
<p >I2C_SDL = 7</p>
<p > </p>
<p >DC = 8</p>
<p >CS = 9</p>
<p >SCK = 10</p>
<p >MOSI = 11</p>
<p >RST = 12</p>
<p >BL = 25</p>
<p ># LCD_1inch28()为RP2040-LCD-1.28官方提供的python例程中的类</p>
<p >LCD = LCD_1inch28()</p>
<p >LCD.set_bl_pwm(65535)</p>
<p > </p>
<p >#x1,y1,x2,y2分别为直线的起点和终点坐标,l_width是先宽，line_color是线的颜色</p>
<p >def line(x1,y1,x2,y2,l_width,line_color): </p>
<p > k=y2-y1</p>
<p > k1=x2-x1</p>
<p > l_line=int(math.sqrt(k1*k1+k*k)+0.5)</p>
<p > for j in range(0,l_line+1):</p>
<p > y3=y1+int(j*k/l_line+0.4)</p>
<p > x3=x1+int(j*k1/l_line+0.4)</p>
<p > for i in range(0,l_width):</p>
<p > LCD.pixel(x3+i,y3,line_color)</p>
<p > if __name__=='__main__':</p>
<p > LCD.fill(LCD.white)</p>
<p > #画菱形</p>
<p > line(50,100,100,50,4,LCD.red)</p>
<p > line(100,50,150,100,4,LCD.blue)</p>
<p > line(50,100,100,150,4,LCD.red)</p>
<p > line(100,150,150,100,4,LCD.blue)</p>
<p >LCD.show()</p>
<p > while(True):</p>
<p > time.sleep(0.1)</p>
<p > </p>
<p >2、画圆弧</p>
<p >画圆弧的指令是：</p>
<p >cir(r,sdeg,edeg,pen,color1)</p>
<p >式中r为半径，sdeg、edeg分别是起始角度和结束角度,pen笔粗细（像素点），color1笔的颜色。使用时需注意，该画圆弧函数的圆心在屏幕的中心点（120，,120），起始角度θ计算起点见下图，顺时针为正，逆时针为负。</p>
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<p> </p>
<p>将上面程序中的line(50,100,100,50,4,LCD.red)等4条语句删除，换为：</p>
<p >cir(100,-90,90,3,LCD.blue)</p>
<p > cir(100,0,90,3,LCD.blue)</p>
<p >cir(100,0,360,3,LCD.blue)</p>
<p >运行后得到如下图形。</p>
<p >如需在任意位置画圆弧，仅需将画圆弧函数稍加改造即可，增加圆心起始坐标)值(x0,y0），将</p>
<p >def cir(r,sdeg,edeg,pen,color1)</p>
<p >y=int(rad1*math.sin(math.pi*i/900)+0.5)</p>
<p >x=int(rad1*math.cos(math.pi*i/900)+0.5)</p>
<p >改为：</p>
<p >def cir(r,x0,y0,sdeg,edeg,pen,color1)</p>
<p > y=y0+int(rad1*math.sin(math.pi*i/900)+0.5)</p>
<p > x=x0+int(rad1*math.cos(math.pi*i/900)+0.5)</p>
<p > </p>
<p > </p>
<p > </p>
<p > </p>
<p >3、正弦函数</p>
<p >W=1:</p>
<p >执行函数 sinef(50,1,LCD.red)</p>
<p > </p>
<p >W=3</p>
<p >执行函数 sinef(50,3,LCD.red)</p>
<p > </p>
<p > </p>
<p><b>五、总结</b></p>
<p >基于python的framebuf库，我们可以通过FrameBuffer.pixel(x, y[, c])函数实现绘制我们所需要的图形，得到类似于matplotlib的功能。本文旨在为有限硬件资源条件下实现更多的功能开发提供一点思路。</p>
<p >下期我们将还要集中在硬件接口的功能评测。</p>
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