【LSM6DSOX有限状态机例程学习 一】--有限状态机及例程简介
本帖最后由 justd0 于 2020-8-15 20:10 编辑<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">大家好,我是</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">J</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">ustd0</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">,很荣幸受到</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">@</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">nmg</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">管理员大大的邀请,和大家分享ST最新的</span><a href="https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/mems-and-sensors/inemo-inertial-modules/lsm6dsox.html#overview"><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">L</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">SM6DSOX六轴传感器。</span></a><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">这款传感器不仅具有</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">16g</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的三轴加速度计和</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">2000dps</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的三轴角速度计,还内置了有限状态机(</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">FSM</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">)和机器学习处理模块(</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">MLC</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">),只需要进行相应的配置,就可以直接输出特定动作的识别结果,想必这个传感器会给大家带来不一样的体验。</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">从本帖开始,我将会用</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">9</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">个帖子来分享下,我在比赛过程中对</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">LSM6DSOX</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">有限状态机</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的理解和官方相关例程的学习使用,希望可以帮助还不是很了解这些的童鞋很能够更好的使用</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">ST</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">这款六轴传感器</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">~</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">ST</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">官网上其实已经提供了很详细</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">LSM6DSOX</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的</span><a href="https://www.st.com/content/st_com/en/products/mems-and-sensors/inemo-inertial-modules/lsm6dsox.html#resource"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">说明文档</span></a><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">,大家可以阅读参考,官方的文档是最为权威的哦。所以,我分享的内容上如有纰漏,也希望各位指正哈。</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">好了,进入正题~~~</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">啥是有限状态机</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">(FSM)</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">?</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei""><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81%E6%9C%BA">维基百科</a>给出的解释:有限个状态以及在这些状态之间的转移和动作等行为的数学模型。</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">用</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">LSM6DSOX</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的示例状态机图解释,如下图,每一个</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei""><span style="color:#2e75b5">蓝色方块为一个状态</span></span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei""><span style="color:#2e75b5">,</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">程序会逐行运行,当</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">满足某些条件</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的时候,就会</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">触发相应的状态转移</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">。</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">按照上面的规则推到一下可知,FSM会先判断状态1中的“返回1”的条件是否满足,如果满足,就会回到默认复位点, 如果不满足,则继续判断“前进1”的条件是否满足,如果仍不满足,则返回复位点, 如果满足了,那么将会进入状态2执行“命令处理”,当处理完成后,则进入状态3,判断方法跟状态1一样。(细心的伙伴可以看到这里的复位点不再是默认的了,是的,因为有个命令可以更改重复位的位置,这个之后讲命令的时候会提到)</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="en-US" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">FSM</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的有哪些特点?</span></span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">LSM6DSOX</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的官方文档上列写了如下特点:</span></span></p>
<ul style="margin-left:36px; unicode-bidi:embed" type="disc">
<li style="vertical-align:middle"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">输入量可以是加速度、角速度、磁力计</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">(</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">需要扩展</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">)</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">,</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">MLC</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">机器学习模块的输出量</span></span></li>
<li style="vertical-align:middle"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">最多有</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">16</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">个状态机程序同时运行</span></span></li>
<li style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">每个状态机程序都可以输出多个状态</span></span></li>
<li style="vertical-align:middle"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">有一套完整的命令和条件指令集</span></span></li>
</ul>
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<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">我们逐条来看</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei""> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">第一点,输入量可以是加速度、角速度、磁力计(需要扩展),MLC机器学习模块的输出量,那么如下图所示。加速度、角速度、磁力计的原始数据通过信号调节模块处理成适当灵敏度(对应量程)的<span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold">半精度浮点值</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-weight:bold">HFP</span>(float为32位,HFP为16位),然后直接输入到FSM中或者经过机器学习MLC模块处理后将其输出传入FSM模块,FSM处理后输出结果。</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">可以看到</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">FSM</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的输入源是很丰富的,具体选择哪个参数作为输入源</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">是可以通过</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">CMD</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">指令更改</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的,具体的后面再说。</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei""> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">第二点,最多有</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">16</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">个状态机程序同时运行,我们把</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">FSM</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">展开来看,如下图所示。在</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">LSM6DSOX</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">FSM</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">中共有</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">16</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">个状态机模块,所有状态机间是相互独立的。每个状态机</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">拥有自己的专用内存区</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">,每个程序</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">最大的空间为</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">256</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">字节</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">,而且每个状态机</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">独立运行</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">,所以每个程序都可以</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">独立输出结果</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">。</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="color:#fa0000"><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">LSM6DSOX</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的状态机程序</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">不具备掉电保存</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">特性,每次重新上电的时候都</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">需要重新配置</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">。</span></span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">第三点,每个状态机程序都可以输出多个状态。状态机程序的输出可以通过</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">特定命令</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">触发内部中断,从而将输出值传送到对应的</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">FSM_OUTS</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">寄存器中。当外部</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">INT1/INT2</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">中断被使能</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">后,内部中断也可以</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">路由</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">到外部中断,以此来提示外部处理器读取</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">FSM_OUTS</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">寄存器状态变化。输出掩码</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">M</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">ask</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的配置参数格式如下图所示,通过掩码可以设置不同组合的输出状态,详细的在后面讲。</span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei""> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">第四点,有一套完整的命令和条件指令集。这个命令指令集在</span><a href="https://bbs.eeworld.com.cn/forum.php?mod=attachment&aid=NDUyODk2fDJlOTNiYjQwfDE1ODc0MDAyMzV8NzA3MjMwfDExMDUyOTA%3D"><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">ST</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">可编程传感器</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">.pdf</span></a><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">中的</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">13-14</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">页中有提到,我在官方的</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">AN5273</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">文档中找到了更为详细的介绍,</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">FSM</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">一共有</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">16</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">个条件指令和</span></span><span lang="en-US" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">35</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">个命令指令,</span></span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">但是由于篇幅有限,我将会在一个帖子里专门分享我对每个命令和条件指令功能的理解和使用示例。</span></span></p>
<p lang="en-US"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Times New Roman""> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">了解了</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">FSM</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">是啥,都有什么特点,小伙伴应该就对它有了宏观全面的认识了。但同时也会有“这些输入怎么选择?输出</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">M</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">ask</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">怎么设置?中断怎么配置?指令都有啥?等等”很多新的疑问吧,我该怎么写有限状态机程序呢?</span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei""> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">这里其实</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Times New Roman"">ST</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">官方已经给我们提供了很多的应用例程,官方例程库可以点击</span><a href="https://github.com/STMicroelectronics/STMems_Finite_State_Machine"><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">GitHub</span></a><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">找到,其中针对</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">LSM6DSOX</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">的示例有如下</span><span lang="en-US" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">7</span><span lang="zh-CN" style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">个:</span></span></p>
<p class="imagemiddle" style="text-align: center;"></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">这些例程都使用FSM实现了运动/动作识别的功能,相信小伙伴通过对这些例程的学习和复现便可以对LSM6DSOX的FSM有着更深的理解,对于以后的应用也能轻车熟路~</span></span></p>
<p lang="en-US"><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei""> </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:14.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Microsoft YaHei"">我将在下一篇中 详细的讲解下FSM编程模块的使用方法和编程指令的详细含义,为例程学习打个小基础。</span></span></p>
<p> </p>
<p>本帖是关于FSM有限状态机学习分享的第一贴~</p>
<p>大家如果对内容上有哪些希望分享的或者建议改进的都可以留言哈,我会根据大家的意见适当调整内容~</p>
<p><img height="48" src="https://bbs.eeworld.com.cn/static/editor/plugins/hkemoji/sticker/facebook/wanwan79.gif" width="52" /></p>
<p>很期待楼主的对每个命令和条件指令功能的理解和使用示例,,,</p>
<p> </p>
学习了
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